Unit 3 Module 3 – How Are Genetic Diseases Treated (Flashcards)

Q: What is genetic testing?

detects alleles for genetic diseases in an individual’s DNA using blood tests or other sample types.

Q: What are two ways to test a fetus for genetic disease?

Amniocentesis and Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS)

Amniocentesis –

A small amount of amniotic fluid is withdrawn from around the fetus to test for genetic abnormalities.

Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS)

A small tissue sample is taken from the placenta (chorionic villi) to analyze fetal chromosomes and genes.

Q: How can a karyotype detect genetic disease?

is a picture of an individual’s chromosomes. It reveals changes in chromosome number or structure that may cause genetic disorders.

Q: What is a method of studying DNA and how is it used?

gene cloning — inserting a gene into bacteria so the bacteria make many identical DNA copies for analysis or research.

Q: What is a genetic marker and how are they detected?

is a variation in the DNA sequence associated with a specific disease. They are detected using restriction enzymes, which cut DNA at specific base sequences to identify differences in the pattern.

Q: What is DNA sequencing and how is it helpful to detect genetic disease?

determines the exact order of nucleotides in a gene. By comparing sequences, scientists can identify mutations or alleles linked to specific genetic diseases.