chp. 7 Manufactured Regenerated Fibers

These flashcards cover vocabulary related to manufactured regenerated fibers, including definitions, properties, production methods, and examples.

Manufactured Regenerated Fibers

Fibers produced in fiber form from naturally occurring polymers.

Rayon

The first regenerated cellulosic fiber, also known as artificial silk.

Lyocell

A manufactured fiber composed of solvent-spun cellulose.

Acetate

A manufactured fiber where the fiber-forming substance is cellulose acetate.

Azlon

A manufactured fiber from regenerated naturally occurring proteins.

SoySilk®

A fiber made from the protein of soybeans.

Soy Latte®

A fiber made from milk protein.

Cellulosic Fibers

Fibers derived from natural cellulose sources.

Wet Spinning

A production method where a viscous solution is forced through spinnerets into a liquid bath.

High-tenacity Rayon

A modification of rayon that has increased tensile strength.

Flame-resistant (FR) Rayon

Rayon modified to resist combustion.

Physical Structure of Rayon

Characterized by striations and serrations, and can be extruded as filament or cut to staple length.

Chemical Structure of Rayon

Composed of 100% cellulose with fewer than 15% substituents replacing hydrogen.

Hydrophilic

A property indicating the fiber's ability to absorb moisture.

Durability of Rayon

Generally poor, characterized by low tenacity and poor abrasion resistance.

Care for Regular Rayon

Should be dry cleaned due to soluble dyes and sizing.

Industrial Uses of Rayon

Includes applications in medical textiles and nonwoven fabrics.

Lyocell Uses

Commonly used in professional business wear and home textiles.

Durability of Lyocell

Has higher tenacity compared to rayon.

Acetate History

First manufactured in early 20th century Europe and introduced in the US in 1924.

Thermoplastic Fiber

A fiber that melts upon being heated, such as acetate.

Acetate Production Method

Involves dry spinning and acetylation of cellulose with chemicals.

Physical Structure of Acetate

Characterized by striations and lobed cross section.

Aesthetics of Acetate

Promoted as a beauty fiber with excellent drape and smooth texture.

Appearance Retention of Acetate

Generally poor, with low elastic recovery and tendency to wrinkle.

Care for Acetate

Should be dry cleaned only; it is sensitive to heat and solvents like acetone.

Triacetate

A variant of acetate with specific acetylation percentage for fiber structure.

Bamboo Fiber

Regenerated from raw bamboo pulp, known for its comfort and breathability.

Dye Absorption in Bamboo

Bamboo fibers possess high dye absorption properties.

Applications of Bamboo Fiber

Used in sweaters, towels, and home textiles.

Aesthetic properties of Rayon

Includes high luster and excellent drape.

Moisture Regain of Rayon

Range of 11.5% to 12.5%, indicating its absorbency.

Resiliency of Rayon

Rayon shows low resiliency compared to other fibers.

HWM Rayon

High Wet Modulus rayon, which can be machine washed.

Natural vs. Manufactured Fibers

Natural fibers are sourced from plants or animals; manufactured fibers are created from synthetic or natural materials.

Combustibility of Rayon

Rayon is combustible, similar to cotton.

Dimensional Stability of Rayon

Rayon has poor dimensional stability, leading to size changes after laundering.

Comfort properties of Lyocell

Excellent absorbency and a soft feel.

Production of Rayon

Involves the conversion of cellulose into a viscous solution followed by spinning.

Fiber Examples of Rayon

Includes Bemberg® Rayon and various blends within The Textile Kit.

Maintenance of Triacetate

Requires careful handling, similar to acetate.

SoySilk® Characteristics

Known for its softness and comfort, made from soy proteins.

Market Needs of Regenerated Fibers

Coupled with properties such as aesthetics, comfort, and performance for consumers.

Advantages of Lyocell

Good dimensional stability and moderate resiliency.

Historical Progression of Rayon

Originated in the late 19th century, with commercial production beginning in 1911.

Environmental Impact of Acetate

Creation involves chemicals, raising concerns about environmental pollution.

Comparative Performance of Regenerated Fibers

Differences in resilience, tensile strength, and aesthetics among fiber types.

Acetate Uses

Commonly utilized in formal wear and linings for garments.

Texture of Acetate

Smooth and soft to the touch, appealing for designers.

Rayon's Commonly Known Name

Historically referred to as artificial silk.

Propensity for Static Cling in Acetate

Moderate due to its moisture regain characteristics.

Functionality of Lyocell in Fashion

Used in both casual and professional clothing options.

Regenerated Fiber Classifications

Include categories such as cellulosic and protein fibers.

Acetylation Process in Acetate Production

Chemical process where hydroxyl groups are replaced with acetyl groups.

Commercial Importance of Rayon

Serves diverse markets, from apparel to industrial applications.

Chemical Composition of Lyocell

Made entirely of cellulose, making it biodegradable.

Tensile Strength of Different Fibers

Rayon has lower tensile strength compared to lyocell.

Sustainability of Bamboo Fiber

Considered eco-friendly due to its renewability and biodegradability.

Soy Latte® Applications

Useful in textiles and clothing made from milk protein.

Fibers Derived from Protein Sources

Include azlon and its derivatives from natural proteins.

Desirability of Rayon in Fashion

Valued for its silk-like appearance and soft drape.

Challenges in Acetate Care

Must be dry cleaned and protected from heat.