nervous system (module 3)

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What does the central nervous system control

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58 Terms

1

What does the central nervous system control

brain and spinal cord

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2

what does the peripheral nervous system control

all other nerves

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3

nervous system functions

sensory, integrative, motor

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4

types of neurons

sensory, motor, interneurons

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function of glial cells

support and care for neurons

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function of neurons

take in information and relay messages

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7

do neurons undergo mitosis

no

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8

do glial cells undergo mitosis

yes

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9

types of glial cells

astrocytes, microglia, oligodendrocytes, schwann cells, ependymal

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10

astrocytes

form blood brain barrier

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ependymal cells

produce cerebrospinal fluid

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12

Microglia

phagocytic cells that ingest and break down waste products and pathogens in the CNS

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13

schwann cells

produce myelin in the pns

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Oligodendrocytes

Form myelin sheath in CNS

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15

parts of a neuron

dendrites, cell body, axon, axon terminal, myelin sheath, nodes of ranvier

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dendrites

Branchlike parts of a neuron that are specialized to receive information

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cell body of a neuron

contains nucleus and organelles

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axon

A threadlike extension of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body.

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nodes of ranvier

gaps in the myelin sheath

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myelin sheath

covers the axon of some neurons and helps speed neural impulses, fatty sheath

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axon terminal

The endpoint of a neuron where neurotransmitters are stored

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white matter in brain

myelinated axons

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23

gray matter in brain

unmyelinated axons

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24

synapse

junction between two neurone

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axon terminal of one meeting with the dendrites of the other, to transmit information

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where do ssris work

at the synapse of the neuron

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action potential

a nerve impulse

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where are neurotransmitters released

at nerve ending (axon terminal)

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4 major areas of the brain

cerebrum, diencephalon, brain stem, cerebellum

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30

largest part of brain

cerebrum

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left brain

logic and language

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right brain

creativity and emotion

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gyrus

convolutions on the brain surface

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sulci

grooves that divide the gyrus

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central sulcus

seperates frontal lobe and parietal lobe

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precentral gyrus

gyrus anterior to the central sulcus

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parietal lobe

somartosensory area, controls temperature, pain, touch, proprioception

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occipital lobe

visual cortex

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thalamus

takes info from lower brain and brings to sensory areas of cerebrum

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hypothalamus

regulates body temperature, hunger, thirst, and sexual behavior

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meninges

three protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord

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cerebral spinal fluid

A solution that fills the hollow cavities of the brain and circulates around the brain and spinal cord. Provides nourishment, cushions, and removes wastes.

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blood brain barrier

Blood vessels (capillaries) that selectively let certain substances enter the brain tissue and keep other substances out

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spinal cord

continuation of the brain stem, tubelike structure located in spinal cavity. runs from bottom of skull to lumbar.

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basal ganglia

primary neurotransmitter is dopamine

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substantia nigra

main component of basal ganglia

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47

ascending tracts

nerves within cns carry sensory info

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48

descending tracts

nerves within cns carry motor info

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reflex action

involuntary response to a stimulus action

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50

neuron

single nerve cell

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51

nerve

bundles of neurons with fascia and blood supply

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52

autonomic nervous system ans

the part of the peripheral nervous system that controls the glands and the muscles of the internal organs. Has a sympathetic division and a parasympathetic division

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53

sympathetic division

fight or flight

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54

parasympathetic division

rest and digest

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55

what body parts are effected by sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions

eyes, heart, lungs, skeletal muscles, digestive organs

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drugs that effect the ans

cholinergic, adrenergic

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57

agonist

mimicking

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antagonist

opposes, blocks, opposite

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