Copyright Law ll

VOCABULARY flashcards covering the key terms from the lecture notes on copyright law.

Copyright

The legal right to copy and control use of original works; protection applies even if the work is not published.

1976

Copyright Act first Signed into Law

1790

First U.S Copyright Law

Fixed Medium

A work is in a fixed medium if it can be perceived, reproduced, or communicated either directly or with the aid of a machine or device.

Unpublished Protection

Works are protected by copyright even if they have not been published.

Universal Copyright Convention (1952)

An international treaty setting minimum standards for copyright protection across nations.

Berne Convention (1886)

An international treaty for automatic protection of works without formalities; amended for various provisions including fair use in some jurisdictions.

Copyright Law Duration

Copyright lasts the life of the author plus 70 years (for works created after 1978).

Broadcaster’s Royalties

Royalties paid by broadcasters, cable systems, and jukeboxes for the use of musical works.

Fair Use

A legal doctrine allowing limited use of copyrighted material without permission under certain conditions.

Four Criteria of Fair Use

Purpose of use; Nature of the work; Amount used; Effect on the potential market.

ideas,titles, genres, beats, chord progressions, or similar concepts.

Copyright does not protect

Audiovisual Works

Works created by combining sound and moving pictures (e.g., films, videos).

Best Edition

The edition selected by the Library of Congress as most suitable for its purpose.

Collective Work

Individual works assembled into a collective whole (e.g., anthologies, compilations).

Compilation

A new original work created by combining pre-existing works.

Copies

Fixed objects (other than phonorecords) that can be reproduced.

Copyright Owner

The owner of the copyright; ownership is established when the work is fixed for the first time.

Public Performance (Exclusive Right)

Performance of a work in public or for a public audience (including digital transmission).

Public Display (Exclusive Right)

Displaying a work publicly for the audience.

Sound Recordings (Exclusive Rights)

Sound recordings can be made public via digital transmission.

Exclusive Rights

Copyright owners can reproduce, create derivative works, and distribute copies to the public.

Derivative Works

Works that are based on the original and transform it into a new creation.

Joint Author

A work may be owned by multiple authors, usually shared evenly unless otherwise agreed.

Ownership Limitation

Owning a physical copy does not grant copyright ownership (e.g., sheet music, albums).