A.5.2 Special relativity part 2 and 3xt

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13 Terms

1
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four things that are no longer universal truths under special relativity

time, length, distance, simultaneity

2
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things that are universal truths in special relativity

speed of light

3
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space time interval

the distance in space-time that is the same in all reference frames, it is invariant

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what does it mean that spacetime interval is an invariant quality

quantity that is the same in all reference frames

5
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space-time graphs

ct versus distance,

distance to distance, the gradient = 1/velocity

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world line

on a space-time graph. something occurring representing the position of a body at different times

the steeper the gradient the slower it is moving

at speed of light gradient is 1, can not be lower

positive gradient, moving towards the right

7
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a world line object at rest

it is not getting further away from us, object at rest

<p>it is not getting further away from us, object at rest </p>
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worldline for constant velocity

q is an object at a constant velocity, shallower gradient not possible, faster than the speed of light

<p>q is an object at a constant velocity, shallower gradient not possible, faster than the speed of light </p>
9
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different y and x-axis for different frames of reference

we have to tilt the y and x-axis so that the gradient is the new speed of light

<p>we have to tilt the y and x-axis so that the gradient is the new speed of light</p>
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how to proof that you can not go faster than the speed of light from the space-time diagram

the gradient is steeper from moving from planet A to B, so taking the line parallel towards the axes to CT to find the time to travel from A to B proves that the time for B is less than A. This prove s it is wrong since you are traveling from A to B not B to A

<p>the gradient is steeper from moving from planet A to B, so taking the line parallel towards the axes to CT to find the time to travel from A to B proves that the time for B is less than A. This prove s it is wrong since you are traveling from A to B not B to A</p>
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simultaneity

events that are simultaneous in one frame of reference are not simultaneous in another

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how to read space time graph

to find the time of the event, line drawn parallel to x until it meets ct and ct’. same for both observers

to find the position measured in S, taking a parallel line to ct-axis until it meets x axis.

to find the position of S’, take the parallel line of ct’ down to x axis

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how do magnetic and electromagnetic forces expereinced chnage with reference frames

form an outside reference plane a charged particle moving next to for example a current-carrying wire, experiences a magnetic field, however, forthe particle it doenst know its moving thsu not creating the magnetic force and experiences electrostatic force