Skeletal system

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Last updated 4:39 AM on 9/17/26
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39 Terms

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functions of the skeleton

1) allows muscles to attach around joints

2) stores nutrients (calcium) in the bones

3) protects internal organs (ribcage and skull)

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osteoporosis

bone disease that occurs when bone density diminishes. increases fracture risk

<p>bone disease that occurs when bone density diminishes. increases fracture risk</p>
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anterior

front view

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posterior

back view

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Skull

protects brain

<p>protects brain</p>
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mandible

jawbone

<p>jawbone</p>
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clavicle

collar bones

<p>collar bones</p>
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sternum

breast bone. protects heart and lungs

<p>breast bone. protects heart and lungs</p>
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ribcage

protects organs in the chest

<p>protects organs in the chest</p>
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humerus

located between shoulder and elbow

<p>located between shoulder and elbow</p>
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ulna and radius

makes up the forearm.

<p>makes up the forearm. </p>
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carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges

wrist, hand, and finger bones

<p>wrist, hand, and finger bones</p>
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pelvic girdle

connects spine to lower body

<p>connects spine to lower body</p>
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femur

thigh bone. Longest and heaviest bone

<p>thigh bone. Longest and heaviest bone</p>
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patella

kneecap

<p>kneecap</p>
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tibia

tibia (shin bone) and fibula (calf bone)

<p>tibia (shin bone) and fibula (calf bone)</p>
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tarsals

ankle bones

<p>ankle bones</p>
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metatarsals

foot bones

<p>foot bones</p>
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spinal column

houses the spinal cord and keeps the body upright

<p>houses the spinal cord and keeps the body upright</p>
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scapula

shoulder blade

<p>shoulder blade</p>
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ilium

largest and uppermost bone in the pelvis

<p>largest and uppermost bone in the pelvis</p>
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ischium

seat bones. Lower and back part of the pelvis

<p>seat bones. Lower and back part of the pelvis</p>
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pubis

very front of the pelvis

<p>very front of the pelvis</p>
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osteoblast

forms new bone tissue and helps your skeleton grow, repair, and remodel

<p><span>forms new bone tissue and helps your skeleton grow, repair, and remodel</span></p>
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osteoclast

bone cell that breaks down and resorbs old or damaged bone tissue

<p><span>bone cell that breaks down and resorbs old or damaged bone tissue</span></p>
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osteocytes

mature bone cell

<p>mature bone cell</p>
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joint

the point of contact of two bones

<p>the point of contact of two bones </p>
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pivot joint

a cylinder shaped bone rotates inside a ring formed by another bone. Uniaxial

<p>a cylinder shaped bone rotates inside a ring formed by another bone. Uniaxial</p>
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saddle joint

type of joint where the articulating surface of the bones resemble a saddle

<p>type of joint where the articulating surface of the bones resemble a saddle</p>
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plane joint

allows bones to glide across one another

<p>allows bones to glide across one another</p>
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condyloid

oval shaped surface of one bone fits into a similarly shaped cavity

<p>oval shaped surface of one bone fits into a similarly shaped cavity </p>
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ball/socket joint

type of joint where the ball-like end of one bone fits into the cup shaped area of another (shoulder and hip)

<p>type of joint where the ball-like end of one bone fits into the cup shaped area of another (shoulder and hip)</p>
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hinge joint

door hinge

<p>door hinge</p>
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rheumatoid arthritis

disorder in which your immune system attacks joint lining. Causes inflammation

<p>disorder in which your immune system attacks joint lining. Causes inflammation </p>
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osteoarthritis

Occurs when cartilage wears down

<p>Occurs when cartilage wears down</p>
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gout

develops when uric acid builds up in the blood and deposits crystals in the joints. Causes pain, swelling.

<p>develops when uric acid builds up in the blood and deposits crystals in the joints. Causes pain, swelling. </p>
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cancer

a large group of diseases where abnormal cells grow without control. Can invade nearby tissue and spread throughout the body

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bone cancer

happens when cells in a bone change and grow out of control. Creates tumors that can destroy bone tissue

<p>happens when cells in a bone change and grow out of control. Creates tumors that can destroy bone tissue </p>
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knee ligaments

ACL: Keeps shin from moving forward

PCL: keeps shin from moving back

MCL: stabilizes inside of knee

LCL: stabilizes outside of knee