INP Vitals Exam (copy)

Blood Pressure (Normal Range)

90/60 - 140/90

Hypertension Tx

ACE inhibitors, ARBs, Beta blockers, Calcium Channel Blockers, Regular Exercise, Dietary Changes. 

Hypotension Tx

Increased fluid intakes, Salt intake, TED stockings, Gradual position changes.

Systolic

Represents the pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts and pumps blood out into the body. 

Diastolic

Indicates the pressure in the arteries when the heart is at rest between beats. 

Orthostatic Hypotension

A drop in blood pressure when a person stands up from a sitting or lying position. The heart triggers a reflex response that increases heart rate and narrows blood vessels to maintain blood pressure. Individuals with orthostatic hypotension have this reflex response impaired, leading to a sudden drop in blood pressure upon standing. 

What Affects BP

Stress, age, family, gender, weight, smoking. 

Medication that Affects BP

Antihypertensive (ACE, BB, CCB, Diuretic, vasodilators)

Pulse Normal Range

60-100 bpm

High Pulse

Tachycardia

Low Pulse

Bradycardia

Tachycardia Tx

Digoxin

Bradycardia Tx

Epinephrine

Characteristics of Pulse

Rate, Rythm, Strength, Equality 

Pulse on Head

Temporal

Pulse on Neck

Carotid 

Pulse on Chest

Apical 

Pulse on Lower Bicep

Brachial 

Pulse on Top of Wrist

Radial 

Pulse on Bottom of Wrist

Ulnar 

Pulse on Groin Crease

Femoral 

Pulse behind Knee

Popliteal

Pulse on top of Foot

Dorsalis Pedis 

Pulse by Achilles

Posterior Tibialis 

What affects Pulse

Age, Activity, Temp, Pain, Hemorrhage, Postural changes, Pulmonary condition (COPD) 

Respiratory Def.

Exchanging gasses in the body

Resp Normal Range

12-20 breaths per minute 

High Breath Rate

Tachypnea

Low Breath Rate

Bradypnea

Resp Characteristics

Rate, Depth, Rhythm  

What Meds affects Resp

Opioids, Bronchodilators

What cond. affects Resp

COPD, Asthma, Hypertension

What affects Resp

Exercise, Pain, Anxiety, Smoking, Body position, Neuro injury, hemoglobin. 

O2 sats Normal range

95-100% 

Low O2 in blood 

Hypoxemia

Low O2 in tissue 

Hypoxia

Temp Normal Range

36-38 C 

Temp on Armpit

Axilla

Temp in Mouth

Oral

Temp on Head

Tympanic

Temp in Anus

Rectal

Temp on Surface of Body

Skin

High Temp

Hyperthermia

Low Temp

Hypothermia

Fever Med Tx

Antipyretic

Fever Tx

Up fluids, Cold compress to forehead, Loosen blankets/clothes