Dred Scott/Lincoln-Douglas

They were taken back to Missouri (a slave state) after being esc

Why did Harriet and Dred Scott file for freedom?

First Alabama, then Missouri (both slave states and enslaved by same family), then the Wisconsin territory (free)

Where was Dred Scott taken to throughout his life, and were those free or slave states?

John Emerson, another slave owner

Who took Dred Scott to Wisconsin territory?

Wisconsin Territory, slave of an Indian Agent

Where did Dred Scott meet Harriet Robinson, and who was Harriet a slave of?

John Emerson took Dred Scott’s whole family back to Missouri (slave state) after being in the Wisconsin Territory (free state). That caused Dred and Harriet to file for freedom because they were still owned in a free state. That made a point in society - were black people every really free, did people not follow the Missouri Compromise?

What was the root of the Dred Scott case?

1846 (in Circuit Court) to 1857 (in the Supreme Court)

How long did the Dred Scott case last?

They ruled against the Scotts and stated that Blacks had no rights in federal court, slave states no longer had to honor “once free always free”, and Congress should never have prohibited slavery in WI territory.

What was the Supreme Court’s verdict on the Dred Scott case?

He stated that the rights to own slaves were in the Constitution as well as treat them like they were inhuman, he also claimed that Congress has less power than the role for a slave because the role for a slave is written in the Constitution. He also felt all plantation protection should go to slave owners.

How did Chief Justice Taney (Supreme Court Justice) show pro-South/slavery bias?

Because it is not proven that it is proven in the Constitution.

Why did C.J. Taney think the Missouri Compromise was null and void?

Because he is a slave, and slaves are not counted as citizens.

Why did Taney claim Scott is not a citizen of Missouri?

The United States was going to lean toward the pro-slavery side because even the Federal court was biased toward the Southern side.

After the Dred Scott case, what were the future implications and why?

Because they claimed that black people are enslaved and stay enslaved as they are seen as not being citizens. Since the Supreme Court is the highest court level, many people used that as an excuse to believe them.

How did the editorial use the Supreme Court’s ruling as justifying racism?

A slave

What did A Virginia Newspaper Gloats claim the only role an African American should have?

“Divine Providence” which are examples of higher power like God, the writer wants their religious beliefs to defend them because they are misreading and misunderstanding the Constitution, they want the support of the Universe.

What does the editorial A Virginia Newspaper Gloats (1857) hope will value the Supreme Court decision?

Enraged since the Missouri Congress which was formally established by the Congress is seen as “void”, annoyed since the Southern judges are misinterpreting the Constitution which does not allow slavery, the acts of the Southern people go against the founding fathers’ ideals of slavery, and that if the Constitution allowed slavery, it is a sin against God to follow it.

How does the North feel about the Supreme Court ruling?

It was written in a tribune which is focused toward a political party. The New York Tribune which is a newspaper receiving the audience of Northern Republicans, influencing more people against slavery.

What type of journal was did Horace Greeley write his article in and how did it cause opinion?

It is mentioned by Greeley’s use of religion to prove his passion against slavery. He talks about how the South believes the Constitution says slavery is okay, and he felt that if that was true it would be a sin to follow the Constitution. Despite the Constitution being a professional document, the North did not want to be associated with a country who participates in slavery.

How did the North express their readiness to separate from the South?

Abraham Lincoln

New to politics

Republican

Felt that slavery is wrong

Believed that war would happen if slavery spread into new territories

Uses the Declaration of Independence to defend his points

Lost 1858 Senate election, but got invited to speak at the Great Hall of Cooper Union in NY where many Northern Republicans began to really appreciate him.

Ran for president AFTER he got support from people across the nation

Democrat

Believes slavery is right

Appeals to the crowd instead of targeting the issue of slavery

Supported Popular Sovereignty

Brought in Irish immigrants to work and vote for him so he won the senate election

Claimed Lincoln respects the mixing of races and calls him “a black Republican” to win the audience of racist people

Abraham Lincoln: Northern Republican

Stephen Douglas: Northern Democrat

John C Breckenridge: Southern Democrat

John Bell: Southern Constitutional Unionist

Candidates of 1860 Presidential Election+political parties

That he was a “black republican” and he favored equality between black and white people and mixing races

What did Douglas say about Lincoln?

They threaten to secede

How does the South prepare for a Republican presidency?

He holds Lincoln’s hat, symbolizing former rivals are now respectful to one another

How does Douglas symbolize unity at Lincoln’s inaguration?

Compromise of 1850

Dred Scott Case

Stephen Douglas Debates

Election of 1860

Why was the Civil War unavoidable? (just list events)