BCIS 3610 Exam 1 Study Guide - Vocabulary Flashcards

Vocabulary flashcards covering core terms, definitions, and framework models across Chapters 1 through 3 for BCIS 3610 Exam 1.

Information System

Interrelated components working together to collect, process, store, and disseminate information, including a feedback mechanism to monitor and control its operation.

Leavitt's Diamond

An organizational model showing that an information system operates within a context composed of four key components: People, Technology Infrastructure, Processes, and Structure.

Technology Infrastructure

An organization's shared technology hardware, software, databases, networks, facilities, and third-party services that form the foundation of every computer-based information system.

Personal IS

An information system that improves the productivity of individual users.

Group IS

An information system that improves communications and supports collaboration among members of a workgroup.

Enterprise IS

An information system that organizations use to define structured interactions among their own employees and/or external customers, suppliers, and government agencies.

Interorganizational IS

An information system that enables the sharing of information across organizational boundaries.

Value Chain

A series (chain) of activities that an organization performs to transform inputs into outputs such that the value of the input is increased.

Supply Chain Management (SCM)

The management of all activities required to get the right product into the right consumer's hands in the right quantity at the right time and at the right cost.

Shadow IT

Information technology systems or solutions built and used within an organization without explicit organizational IT approval, posing security vulnerabilities and compliance risks.

Systems Analyst

An IS professional who consults with management and users to define the scope and requirements of new information systems.

Core Value

A widely accepted principle that guides how people behave and make decisions within an organization.

Mission Statement

A concise statement defining an organization's fundamental purpose for existing.

Vision

A concise statement of what an organization intends to achieve in the future.

Michael Porter's Five Forces Model

The most frequently used model for assessing competition and industry attractiveness.

SWOT Analysis

A planning tool used to evaluate an organization's internal Strengths and Weaknesses and study its external Opportunities and Threats.

Technology Acceptance Model (TAM)

A model specifying factors where perceived usefulness ($U$) and perceived ease of use ($E$) strongly influence whether individuals will adopt and use a new information system.

Diffusion of Innovation Theory

E.M. Rogers' theory stating that the adoption of any innovation is a drawn-out process across adopter categories: Innovators (2.5%), Early adopters (13.5%), Early majority (34%), Late majority (34%), and Laggards (16%).

Project Management

The application of knowledge, skills, and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements.

Project Stakeholders

People involved in a project or those affected by its outcome.

Triple Constraint

A core project management framework referencing the three interlinked constraints of Cost, Schedule, and Scope.

Project Scope

All of the tasks necessary to complete a project successfully.

Scope Creep

Adding features and functionality to a project without addressing the effects on schedule, costs, and resources.

Sponsoring Business Unit

The business unit most affected by a project and the one whose budget will cover the project costs.

Project Resource Management

A set of activities designed to identify, acquire, and manage resources (materials, equipment, and staff) required for a project.

Project Steering Team

A governing body critical to project success consisting of a Champion, Sponsor, and IS manager.

Project Requirement

A statement specifying what an information system will do, its features and functionality, the needs it will satisfy, and aspects it must not have.