Water and Electrolyte Balance

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms related to water and electrolyte balance, as presented in the lecture notes.

Electrolytes

Ions that are dissolved in water and are crucial for various bodily functions.

Homeostasis

The process of maintaining a stable internal environment in the body.

Intracellular fluid

The fluid located inside cells, containing 63% of body water.

Extracellular fluid

The fluid outside cells, consisting of interstitial fluid, blood plasma, and lymph.

Osmotic pressure

The pressure exerted by impermeant solutes on fluid movement between compartments.

Water balance

A state that occurs when water intake equals water output.

ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone)

A hormone that regulates water reabsorption in the kidneys.

Dehydration

A condition characterized by a deficiency of water in the body.

Hyponatremia

A condition of low sodium concentration in the blood.

Hyperkalemia

A condition of high potassium concentration in the blood.

Renin-angiotensin system

A hormone system that regulates blood pressure and fluid balance.

Osmoreceptors

Cells that detect changes in osmotic pressure and stimulate thirst.

Fluid compartments

Distinct volumes in the body that contain fluids of varying compositions.

Sensible perspiration

Sweat that can be perceived and measured, primarily lost during exercise.

Insensible perspiration

Water loss through evaporation from the skin and lungs that is not perceived.