Chapter 8 : Multivariate Correlational Research Overview

This set of flashcards covers key vocabulary terms and concepts related to multivariate correlational research, including definitions of causal criteria, research designs, and the roles of mediators and moderators.

Covariance

Correlation between variables, indicating that they change together.

Temporal Precedence

A causal criterion that establishes which variable occurs first in a relationship.

Internal Validity

The extent to which the results of a study can be attributed to causal relationships rather than other factors.

Longitudinal Designs

Research methods that collect data from the same subjects at multiple time points to assess changes over time.

Cross-Sectional Correlations

Relationships assessed at one point in time, providing a snapshot of the data.

Autocorrelations

Measurements of the same variable over time to assess its stability.

Cross-Lag Correlations

Evaluations of how different variables correlate over time, helping to establish influence.

Multiple Regression Analysis

A statistical method that examines relationships between several predictor variables and a criterion variable.

Beta Coefficient

A standardized value indicating the strength of the relationship between predictor and criterion variables.

Statistical Significance

A determination of whether the observed effects in a study are likely to be due to chance.

Mediators

Variables that explain the mechanism through which two other variables are related.

Third Variables

External factors that can obscure the relationship between the primary variables of interest.

Moderators

Variables that affect the strength or direction of the relationship between two other variables.

Internal Validity

Assessment of the integrity of causal relationships in a study.

Construct Validity

Evaluation of whether the measures accurately capture the constructs they are intended to measure.

External Validity

The degree to which findings can be generalized to other contexts.

Statistical Validity

The quality and reliability of the statistical conclusions derived from data analysis.