GIANTAPUSHREVIEW - Colonization to Manifest Destiny

Jamestown

The first successful permanent English colony in North America, founded in 1607.

Powhatan Confederacy

A group of Algonquian tribes led by Powhatan that interacted with the Jamestown settlers.

Headright System

A system devised in 1617 to attract settlers, granting land to individuals to encourage colonization.

Indentured Servitude

A labor system where individuals worked for a specified number of years in exchange for passage to the New World.

Virginia Company

A joint-stock company that established the Jamestown colony in 1606.

House of Burgesses

The first legislative assembly in the American colonies, established in Virginia in 1619.

Bacon's Rebellion

An uprising in 1676 led by Nathaniel Bacon against Governor Berkeley’s administration in Virginia.

Puritans

Protestants in England who sought to reform the Anglican Church and established settlements in New England.

Separatists

Pilgrims who believed in breaking away from the Anglican Church due to its corruption.

Mayflower Compact

An agreement made aboard the Mayflower in 1620 that established a self-governing civil body politic.

Mid-1690s

Timeframe during which religious and societal tensions contributed to conflicts like King Philip's War.

Mercantilism

An economic theory that trade generates wealth and is stimulated by the accumulation of profitable balances.

Navigation Acts

A series of laws that restricted colonial trade to England, aiming to ensure that commerce benefited England.

Dominion of New England

An administrative union of English colonies created by James II for more direct control.

American Revolution

The conflict from 1775 to 1783 in which the Thirteen Colonies gained independence from Great Britain.

Articles of Confederation

The first constitution of the United States, ratified in 1781, which created a weak central government.

Federalism

A system of government where power is divided between a central authority and constituent political units.

Treaty of Ghent

The treaty that ended the War of 1812, restoring the status quo ante bellum.

Manifest Destiny

The 19th-century belief that Americans were destined to expand across North America.

Second Great Awakening

A religious revival movement of the early 19th century that emphasized individual piety and social reform.

Abolitionism

The movement to end slavery, gaining momentum in the mid-19th century, led by both black and white activists.

Women's Suffrage Movement

The fight for women's right to vote, gaining traction in the mid-19th century alongside other reform movements.

George Washington

The first U.S. President (1789-1797), commander of the Continental Army during the American Revolution.

John Adams

The second U.S. President (1797-1801), known for the XYZ Affair and the Alien and Sedition Acts.

Thomas Jefferson

The third U.S. President (1801-1809), principal author of the Declaration of Independence, and responsible for the Louisiana Purchase.

James Madison

The fourth U.S. President (1809-1817), "Father of the Constitution," led the U.S. during the War of 1812.