ribs

typical ribs

1. head with two facets: articulates with two adjacent vertebral bodies

2. neck

3. tubercle: articulates with TVP of same-numbered vertebrae

4. angle

5. shaft with costal groove: for intercostal neurovascular bundle

upper small facet of rib head

articulates with inferior costal face of vertebral body above

• i.e., rib 6 articulates with T5

lower large facet of rib head

articulates with superior costal facet of vertebral body

• i.e., rib 6 articulates with T6

crest of rib head

lies between the two facets

• attaches to intra-articular ligament which connects to intervertebral disc

neck of rib

connects head to tubercle

• lies anterior to the superior costotransverse ligament

tubercle of rib

bony prominence

• located at junction of neck and body

1. articular part: with TVP of same-numbered vertebra = costotransverse joint

2. non-articular part = attachment for lateral costotransverse ligament

body of rib

shaft

• external surface attachment site for intercostal muscles

angle of rib

max curvature

• attachment for iliocostalis muscle

costal groove of rib

blends with costal cartilage

• inferior internal border

first rib

atypical

• shortest

• broadest

• most curved

• flat

• only articulates with T1

• upper surface has grooves for subclavian vein and artery

• scalene tubercle attachment for anterior scalene

rib 2

atypical

• shorter

• less curved

• single facet - only articulates with T2

• tuberosity for serratus anterior

• flatter and more horizontal

• angle closer to tubercle

ribs 11 and 12

atypical

• no neck

• single facet for T10

• floating

cervical rib

congenital anomaly

• arises from C7 - costal element

• can be unilateral or bilateral

• could cause TOS

lateral border of manubrium

border of manubrium

• involves the sternoclavicular joint = saddle

• and first sternocostal joint = synchondrosis

superior border of manubrium

border of manubrium

• jugular notch

• clavicular notches

inferior border of manubrium

border of manubrium

• manubriosternal joint = symphsis

• second sternocostal joint = plane

sternal angle

bony prominence where the manubrium and body of sternum meet

• identifies level of 2nd rib

• reference point for important thoracic structures

anterior surface of sternum

• covered by subcutaneous tissue

• pectoral fascia

• pectoralis major muscle

posterior surface of sternum

• anterior wall of thoracic cavity

• transversus thoracis muscle

xiphisternal joint

• approximately T9 vertebral level

• symphysis, cartilaginous joint

• articulations: xiphoid and sternal body

midsternal line of thorax

thorax line

• down the middle of the sternum

• midline of anterior thoracic wall

midclavicular line of thorax

thorax line

• down midpoint of clavicle down chest wall

anterior axillary line of thorax

thorax line

• runs from anterior axillary fold formed by pectoralis major

midaxillary line of thorax

thorax line

• runs from apex of axilla down lateral chest wall (divides A/P thorax)

scapular line of thorax

thorax line

• vertical line passing through inferior angle of scapula

ribs 1-4

pump handle movement

ribs 2-10

bucket handle movement

ribs 11-12

pincher movement