Vet Tech Anatomy- Terminology II

What is the maintenance of a dynamic equilibrium in the body?

Homeostasis

What is the study of small body structures with a microscope called?

Histology

A "state of normal anatomy and physiology" is referred to in the text as:

Health

Bilateral Symmetry

-The left and right halves of an animal’s body are essentially mirror images of each other

-paired organs are often mirror images of each other

-single structures often found near or on median plane

• heart, brain, GI tract

Dorsal Cavity

-central nervous system

• cranial cavity (cranium)

• spinal cavity (spinal canal)

Ventral Cavity

-thorax and abdomen

• viscera

What are the major structures in the throacic cavity

-Heart

-Major Blood Vessels

-Esophagus

-Respiratory tract/Lungs

Lining membranes: Thoracic cavity

pleura

• thin membrane covering all organs and the cavity itself

Visceral layer

• A layer of pleura directly over the organs

Parietal layer

• A layer of pleura lining the entire thoracic cavity

potential space, aka pleural space

• space between the parietal and visceral layers

Lining membranes: abdominal cavity

Peritoneum

• thin membrane covering all organs and the cavity itself

visceral layer

• layer of peritoneum directly over organs

parietal layer

• Layer of peritoneum lining the entire abdominal cavity

Potential space aka peritoneal space

• space between the parietal and visceral layers

Peritonitis

Inflammation of the abdominal cavity

Where is the pleura found?

Thoracic cavity

What are the 4 tissue types?

epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

Epithelial Tissue

• composed only of cells

• cover the body surface

• secrete materials

• absorb materials

surface of skin

lining of: mouth, intestines, bladder

glands: salivary, sweat, mammary

GI: absorbing nutrients

Connective tissue

• composed of living cells and nonliving intercellular substances

• holds the body together

• gives body support

• range from soft to very firm/hard

  • adipose

  • cartilage

  • bone

  • blood

  • lymphatic

Muscle Tissue

• responsible for movement

• voluntary and involuntary

• 3 types

  • skeletal (voluntary)

  • cardiac (involuntary)

  • smooth (involuntary)

Nervous Tissue

• nerve cells (neurons) and supporting cells

• transmit information

• control body functions

• processes information