Digital Technology and Citizenship

These flashcards cover key concepts and definitions related to digital technology, digital citizenship, the impact of technology on society, and security concerns in the digital realm.

What is digital literacy?

Acquiring current knowledge and understanding of computers, mobile devices, the web, and related technologies.

What is a digital citizen?

A person familiar with how to use technology to become an educated and productive member of the digital world.

What is a computer?

An electronic device that operates under the control of instructions stored in its memory and can accept and process data to produce information.

• processes data, calculates, follows instructions

• Stores information in binary code (010)

What is memory in a computer?

Electronic components that store instructions, data needed by those instructions, and results of processing data.

• Where the action happens

• Volatile

What are examples of Volatile and non-volatile memory?

Volatile: RAM

Non-volatile: ROM, Hard drives, flash memory, SSD

What does the Internet refer to?

A global collection of millions of computers linked together to share information.

• a network of networks

What is a network?

a collection of two or more computers connected to share resources.

• Local connection

• Home networks, school network, business network

What is Wi-Fi?

A wireless data network technology that provides high-speed data connections and is not attached to any device.

• wireless fidelity

How does Wi-fi work?

• Wi-Fi transmits data over radio waves between a wireless router and connected devices.

• It creates a local area network (LAN) that allows devices to communicate without physical cables.

What is a server?

A powerful, high-capacity computer accessed using the Internet or other networks that stores files and makes them available to users.

• It manages resources like applications, data, and security for client devices.

• Usually grouped at a data center.

What is an online social network?

An online community active on social media.

What is big data?

Large and complex data sources that defy easy management with traditional data processing methods.

• Traditional spreadsheets can’t handle the data.

• It needs specialized software to manage the data.

What did the first generation of computers use?

vaccum tubes

How did vacuum tubes work?

• Vacuum tubes controlled electric current flow in a vacuum and were used for amplifying signals and switching.

• Data was “held” in the tubes

• The computer would send electric signals to the tubes.

• The electric signal would flip the switch, which would release the data.

Why were the use and availability of vacuum tubes constrained by?

• Their large size

• The amount of power they consumed

• The heat they generated

• How quickly they wore out

What does ENIAC stand for?

Electronic Numeral Integrator and Computer

What does UNIVAC stand for?

Universal Automatic Computer

What made the Apple II so great?

• preassembled

• six colors

• spreadsheet

• Used floppy disks for storage

• Apple DOS OS

• Expandable RAM memory

When was the Apple II released and who was it craeted by?

It was released in 1978 by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak of Apple Computer Corporation.

What is the Internet of Things?

an environment in which processors are embedded in things and they communicate with one another via the internet or wireless networks.

• ex: lights controlled with an app on your phone

What are IOT- enabled devices?

Smart devices

• Ex: ATM

What is an embedded computer?

Perform a specific function based on the requirements of the product in which they reside.

• Small and have limited hardware on their own

• Enhance the capabilities of everyday devices.

What is netiquette?

The rules of Internet etiquette, including acceptable behavior while online.

What is an Acceptable Use Policy (AUP)?

A document that lists guidelines and repercussions for using the Internet and other digital resources in an organization.

What is digital divide?

The gap between those who have access to technology and its resources and those who do not.

• Socioeconomic, demographic factors

How is privacy defined?

The state or condition of being free from public attention to the degree you determine.

• based on your decision

What is identity theft?

Using someone’s personal information, such as their name or social security number, to commit financial fraud.

What are some ways personal information is stolen?

• Dumpster diving

• Phishing

• Change of address form

• Pretexting

• Stealing

• Data mining

What is phishing?

A technique where attackers attempt to deceive users into revealing personal information.

What is a Learning management system?

Web-based training sites where students can check their progress in a course, taking practice tests, and exchange messages with the instructor or other students.

What is a healthcare provider's use of IoT?

Connecting to a patient’s wearable device, sending prescription updates, tracking data, and sending reminders.

What is mobile health (mHealth)?

health care professionals using smartphones or tablets to access health records stores on the cloud, and patients using digital devices to monitor their conditions and treatments, reducing the need for visits to the doctor’s office.

How can 3-D printers be used in healthcare?

To manufacture skin for burn patients, as well as prosthetic devices and casts.

How can manufacturers use computer-aided manufacturing?

To streamline production and ship products more quickly.

What is a software?

Software is a collection of programs and data that tell a computer what to do.

• It includes applications, systems, and everything that runs on a computer or device.

What is convergence?

The increasing integration of technological capabilities into a growing number of previously unrelated devices.

• You can access some of the same email and gaming apps on your laptop, tablet, and smartphone.

• multi-platform compatibility

What is a laptop?

A thin, lightweight mobile computer with a screen on its lid and a keyboard on its base.

• AKA notebook

• Macbook

What is a tablet?

A thin, lightweight mobile device that has a touch screen and is often associated with eBook readers

• iPad

What is an e-reader?

A mobile device that is used primarily for reading digital media.

What is a desktop computer?

a personal computer designed to be in a stationery location where all its components fit on or under a desk or table.

What is an all-in-one desktop?

A type of desktop that does not contain a tower and instead uses the same case to house the display and the processing security.

What is green computing?

The practice of reducing electricity consumed and environmental waste when using computers and related technologies.

Why was the ENERGY STAR program developed?

To help reduce the amount of electricity used by computers and related devices.

Who developed the ENERGY STAR program?

• The U.S. Department of Energy

• U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

What is a smartphone?

An Internet-capable phone that includes apps such as calendar, address book, and games.

What is a game console?

A hardware device that allows you to play video games.