Comprehensive ABA & Behaviorism: Key Concepts and Applications CHAPTER ONE READING

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42 Terms

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John B. Watson

Founder of behaviorism, emphasizing study of observable behavior.

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Ivan Pavlov

Discovered respondent (classical) conditioning with dogs.

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B.F. Skinner

Introduced operant conditioning and published The Behavior of Organisms.

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Baer, Wolf, & Risley

Defined the seven dimensions of ABA in their landmark paper.

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Experimental Analysis of Behavior (EAB)

Basic lab research on reinforcement and behavior introduced by Skinner (1938) in The Behavior of Organisms.

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Seven Dimensions of ABA

Applied, Behavioral, Analytic, Technological, Conceptually Systematic, Effective, Generality.

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Applied Dimension

Example: brushing teeth.

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Behavioral Dimension

Example: count words spoken.

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Analytic Dimension

Example: graph shows intervention effect.

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Effective Dimension

Example: tantrums reduced.

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Generality Dimension

Example: skills carry over across settings.

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Social Validity

Importance of goals, procedures, and outcomes.

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High Social Validity Example

Teaching money skills.

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Low Social Validity Example

Balancing books on head.

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Early Intensive Behavioral Intervention (EIBI)

Developed by Lovaas (1987) for autism.

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Applications of ABA

Includes autism therapy, classroom token systems, mental health phobia treatment, workplace safety via OBM.

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Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)

Science of understanding and improving socially significant behavior.

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Goals of Science in Behavior Analysis

Description, Prediction, Control.

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Description in Behavior Analysis

Define and record behavior in detail.

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Prediction in Behavior Analysis

Recognize when behavior is likely to occur.

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Control in Behavior Analysis

Reliably change behavior by manipulating conditions.

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Philosophical Foundations of ABA

Includes Determinism, Empiricism, Replication, Parsimony.

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Determinism

Behavior has lawful causes.

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Empiricism

Objective observation.

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Replication

Results must repeat.

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Parsimony

Simplest explanation first.

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Philosophic Doubt

Always question findings.

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Respondent Conditioning

Learning in which behavior is elicited by antecedent stimuli (Pavlov, 1906).

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Operant Conditioning

Learning in which behavior is influenced by its consequences (Skinner, 1938).

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Applied

Focus on socially important behaviors that improve daily life.

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Behavioral

Targets observable, measurable behavior.

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Analytic

Demonstrates experimental control (the intervention caused the change).

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Technological

Procedures written clearly so others can replicate them.

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Conceptually Systematic

Interventions grounded in established behavioral principles.

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Effective

Interventions that produce meaningful behavior change.

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Generality

Behavior changes that last over time, across settings, and transfer to other behaviors.

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Ivar Lovaas (1987)

Pioneered early intensive behavioral intervention (EIBI) for autism.

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Behavior

Anything an organism does that can be observed and measured.

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Description

Identifying and recording behavior and events.

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Prediction

Anticipating behavior based on consistent relationships.

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Control

Demonstrating a functional relation by showing interventions cause behavior change.

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Experimentation

Systematic testing of variables to identify effects on behavior.