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which crusade was successful?
first (but then they lost jerusalem again)
why did pope urban II call the first crusade?
to defend constantinople (in partnership with the Byzantines)
what was an effect of the crusades on western Europe?
revival of trade
what was most responsible for the outbreak of plague in Europe in the 1340s?
asian trade routes
what issue led to the schism in 1378?
two popes (people lost trust in the church)
who did crusaders fight in the fourth crusade?
other christians in constantinople
what was an effect of the black death?
serfs were freed (less serfs=more valuable labor)
what was the role of guilds in medieval towns?
Job training, rules for business, taking care of members
how did a journeyman become a master craftsman?
submit a masterpiece to the guild to be approved
who forced king John to sign the magna Carta?
nobles (he unfairly taxed them)
what basic process in contained in the magna Carta?
due process of law
what was the cause of the hundred years war?
dispute over the French throne
who helped the French win the hundred years war?
Joan of arc
what group had less power as a result of the crusades?
lords
what is not true about the crusades?
they were successful militarily
what were the steps in a guild?
apprentice, journeyman, master
what was a function of guilds?
setting quality and pricing standards
what helped revive trade in Europe?
increased food supply (healthier population and food to trade)
whose rights was the magna Carta intended to protect?
lords (eventually everyone)
why was the magna carta important?
limited the power of the king
how did the 1378 schism end?
three popes resigned and one new one was chosen
what was the most imortant effect of the hundred years war?
a sense of national identity in England and france
what was not an effect of the hundred years war?
decreased power of the church
what city were the crusaders trying to take over?
jerusalem (the holy land)