Introduction to OOP in Java - Fundamentals & Architecture

Vocabulary flashcards covering fundamental computer system components, software concepts, Java source code execution pipeline, and the JDK, JRE, and JVM relationship.

Computer System

An integrated set of hardware and software components designed to process raw data into meaningful information.

Hardware

The tangible, physical machinery and equipment of the computer.

Software

The intangible set of instructions, programs, and procedures that tell the hardware what tasks to perform.

Data

Raw, unprocessed facts, numbers, text, or symbols that the computer manipulates.

Users

The human operators or clients who interact with the system to perform tasks or consume information.

Procedures

The documented steps, rules, and guidelines for operating, maintaining, and using the computer system.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The brain of the computer that executes program instructions and processes data.

Random Access Memory (RAM)

Primary, volatile storage used to hold active programs and data currently being processed by the CPU.

Storage Devices

Non-volatile secondary memory (e.g., SSD, HDD) used to store files and programs permanently.

Input Devices

Peripherals used to enter data into the system, such as a keyboard, mouse, or scanner.

Output Devices

Peripherals used to display or output processed information, such as a monitor, printer, or speakers.

Network Devices

Hardware components (e.g., NIC, router, modem) that enable communication with other systems across a network.

Programming

The process of designing, writing, testing, and maintaining a set of detailed instructions that tells a computer system to perform specific tasks or solve real-world problems.

Program

A sequence of precise instructions written in a programming language that a computer executes to process inputs and produce outputs.

Programmer

A software developer who uses logical problem-solving and programming languages to design and build computer applications.

Java

A high-level, class-based, object-oriented programming language designed to have as few implementation dependencies as possible.

Write Once, Run Anywhere (WORA)

The core principle of Java platform independence, allowing code to be compiled once into bytecode and executed across different operating systems.

Java Source Code

Human-readable text written by a programmer with a .java extension that cannot be executed directly by hardware or the JVM.

Java Bytecode

A machine-independent intermediate binary format with a .class file extension generated by the Java Compiler and executed directly by the JVM.

javac

The Java Compiler tool that converts .java source code files into .class bytecode files.

Java Virtual Machine (JVM)

An abstract computing machine that executes Java bytecode line-by-line into platform-specific machine instructions at runtime using a Just-In-Time (JIT) compiler.

Java Runtime Environment (JRE)

A package providing the environment required strictly to run an already compiled Java program, combining the JVM with core class libraries and support files.

Java Development Kit (JDK)

A full-featured software development environment used to write, compile, and debug Java programs, containing the JRE and development tools such as javac, java, javadoc, and jdb.

JDK, JRE, and JVM Nesting Architecture

The hierarchical architecture where the JDK contains development tools and the JRE, which in turn contains the Java Class Library and the JVM.