Chemistry of Ammonia and Its Reactions

A set of vocabulary flashcards related to the chemistry of ammonia, its reactions, and industrial processes.

Haber's Process

An industrial method for synthesizing ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen gases, using a catalyst, usually iron.

Catalyst

A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without undergoing any permanent chemical change itself.

Ammonia (NH3)

A colorless gas with a pungent odor, commonly used in fertilizers and cleaning agents.

Nitrogen Trichloride

A chemical compound formed when ammonia reacts with excess chlorine.

Acid-Base Reaction

A reaction where an acid and a base react to form water and a salt.

Ammonium Hydroxide

A solution of ammonia in water, also known as ammonium hydroxide, collected in the preparation of ammonia.

Reducing Agent

A substance that donates electrons in a chemical reaction, in this case, ammonia can reduce metal oxides to metals.

Gas Collection Techniques

Methods of collecting gases, such as downward displacement of air or water.

Dense White Fumes

White vapors produced when ammonia or certain other gases come into contact with hydrochloric acid (HCl).

Anhydrous Copper(II) Sulfate

A drying agent that absorbs moisture and is used to dry gases, including ammonia.

Ammonium Nitrate

A chemical compound that cannot be used to prepare ammonia due to its stability and high nitrogen content.

Alkaline Nature of Ammonia

The property of ammonia solution to turn red litmus paper blue, indicating its basicity.

Iron(III) Hydroxide

A precipitate formed when ammonium hydroxide reacts with iron(III) sulfate.

Nitride

A binary compound of nitrogen with a more electropositive element; reacts with water to produce ammonia.

Thermal Decomposition

The process where a compound breaks down into simpler substances when heated.

Pungent Odor

A strong, sharp smell characteristic of ammonia gas.

Industrial Fertilizers

Substances like ammonium nitrate or urea that provide nutrients to plants, derived from ammonia.

Ammonium Salts

Salts formed from the ammonium ion, commonly used in fertilizers.

Balancing Chemical Equations

The act of ensuring the same number of each type of atom on both sides of a chemical reaction.