A Level Sociology - Education - Social Class

These flashcards cover key concepts regarding social class and its impact on education, including internal and external factors that affect educational achievement.

What are internal factors that influence educational success according to A Level Sociology?

Internal factors include labelling, streaming and setting, and pupil subcultures.

What is material deprivation in the context of education?

Material deprivation refers to the inability to afford basic resources needed for educational success, such as housing, diet, and financial support.

How does overcrowding in housing impact children's education?

Overcrowding can lead to respiratory illnesses and hinder children's ability to sleep or study effectively.

What is cultural deprivation?

Cultural deprivation is not having the basic values, attitudes, and skills needed for educational success.

What does Bernstein's restricted code refer to?

Restricted code refers to a limited vocabulary and informal communication often used by the working-class.

What is the self-fulfilling prophecy in education?

When students internalize a label given by teachers and live up to it, impacting their educational attainment.

What impact do anti-school subcultures have on academic achievement?

Anti-school subcultures often lead to rebellious behavior and underachievement among students.

What evidence did Waldfogel and Washbrook (2010) provide regarding income and cognitive development?

They found that children in poverty scored nearly a year behind middle-income children at the start of school.

What is social capital in the context of education?

Social capital refers to the networks and relationships based on class membership that facilitate educational success.

What is the role of compensatory education?

Compensatory education includes social policies designed to address educational underachievement among working-class pupils.

How does cultural capital contribute to educational advantages for middle-class students?

Cultural capital includes knowledge, attitudes, and values that are more valued in the educational system, giving middle-class pupils an advantage.

What are subcultural values of the working class according to Sugarman (1970)?

Values include fatalism, collectivism, immediate gratification, and present-time orientation that can impact educational achievement.

What did Smith and Noble (1995) identify as the impact of material deprivation on working-class children?

Material deprivation leads to isolation, bullying, and stigmatisation, hindering children's educational opportunities.

What does the term 'habitus' refer to according to Bourdieu?

Habitus refers to the norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors of a specific social group or class.

How do external and internal school factors relate to each other?

External factors such as material deprivation can influence internal factors like teacher biases or student behavior.