SCIENCE 10 - First Monthly

EDMOND HALLEY

An English astronomer and mathematician, theorized that the earth is hollow and that there are inner concentric layers below the crust that float in gas.

3,400 km

The outer core of the earth has a radius of ______ km

2,440 km

Si mercury has a radius of ____ km

CRUST

It is the earth's outermost layer and it is where life exists

CONTINENTAL CRUST

It makes up the continents and is 40-70 km thick

OCEANIC CRUST

Underlies in ocean floors and has the average thickness of 5 km

MANTLE

Is the thickest layer, it is semi solid, rocky, and a very hot layer

OUTER CORE

It is only layer of the earth that is liquid

INNER LAYER

It is the deepest and solid layer of the earth

LITHOSPHERE

A rigid layer that can break stress

ASTHENOSPHERE

It is where convection currents occur

MOHOROVICIC DISCONTINUITY

The interface between the crust and the mantle

GUTENBERG DISCONTINUITY

It marks the boundary between the lower mantle and the outer core

LEHMANN DISCONTINUITY

It is located between the liquid outer core and the solid inner core

SEISMIC WAVES

Are waves that travel through the earth or another planetary body

SEISMOMETERS

Is a highly sensitive instrument that respond to grounds displacement and shaking

SEISMOGRAPH

Records the motion of the ground

P-WAVES OR PRIMARY WAVES

Are the first waves that are detected by a seismograph

S-WAVES OR SECONDARY WAVES

Are transverse waves felt in an up and down motion perpendicular to the direction of the wave

LOVE WAVES

Fastest type of surface wave and move to ground from side to side

RAYLEIGH WAVES

Moves in a circular manner

PANGAEA

It means all of earth or all lands

PANTHALASSA

It is the water that surrounds pangaea

GONDWANA

Is composed of Africa, Antarctica, South America, Australia, and the subcontinent of India

LAURASIA

It consist of Asia, North America, and Europe

TECTONIC PLATES

Are continent sized slabs that make up the crust and the mantle

PRIMARY PLATES

The original large tectonic plates that formed early in earth's history

SECONDARY PLATES

Smaller tectonic plates that have broken off from the primary plates due to the tectonic activity