quiz 2 world civilization 

Partition of Africa

The division of Africa among European powers during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

King Leopold

The King of Belgium responsible for the exploitation and atrocities in the Congo Free State.

1884-1885 Berlin Conference

A meeting where European nations decided the rules for colonizing Africa, leading to the Scramble for Africa.

Joseph Conrad

Author of Heart of Darkness, which critiques European imperialism in Africa.

Congo Free State

A personal colony of King Leopold II known for severe exploitation and human rights abuses.

Cecil Rhodes

British imperialist who played a key role in colonizing Southern Africa and founding Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe and Zambia).

Colonialism

The practice of acquiring control over another country and exploiting it economically.

Human Zoos

Exhibitions where indigenous people were displayed to showcase European superiority.

Afrikaneers

Dutch-descended settlers in South Africa, also known as Boers.

South Africa

A country shaped by European colonization, apartheid, and resistance movements.

Social Darwinism

A belief that justified European domination by applying Darwin’s theories to human societies.

Eugenics

A pseudo-scientific movement that sought to control human reproduction based on racial and genetic superiority.

Union of South Africa

The unification of British and Boer territories in 1910, laying the groundwork for apartheid.

Color Bar Systems

Racial segregation policies that limited economic and social mobility for non-white populations.

Sarah Baartman and Oto Benga

Individuals whose bodies were exploited for racist scientific and entertainment purposes.

What were the main outcomes of the 1884-1885 Berlin Conference?

European nations divided Africa without considering indigenous populations, increasing competition for resources and land.

What were the main practices of colonialism in Central and South Africa?

Harsh exploitation, forced labor, and resource extraction in Central Africa; racial segregation and Boer conflicts in South Africa.

What economic motives drove the colonization of Africa?

Resource extraction, trade control, and competition among European powers.

What were the impacts of the atrocities in the Belgian Congo?

Forced labor, mass killings, mutilation, and economic exploitation under King Leopold II, leading to international outcry.

Who were Oto Benga and Sarah Baartman, and why are they significant?

They were individuals exploited in human zoos; their treatment exemplified the racism of colonial practices.