iron proteins
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24 Terms
What is HCP1?
Heme carrier protein.
What does HCP1 do?
Absorbs free heme intact into the enterocyte.
What does heme oxygenase do?
Catabolizes heme to protoporphyrin and Fe2+.
What is DMT1?
Divalent metal transporter 1.
What does DMT1 transport?
Fe2+ across the brush border membrane into the enterocyte; also carries iron, zinc, manganese, copper, nickel, and lead.
What conditions increase DMT1 synthesis?
Low iron status or low blood oxygen.
What pH does DMT1 function best at?
pH 5.5 (acidic).
What is PCBP-2?
Poly (rC)-binding protein 2.
What does PCBP-2 do?
Binds Fe2+ for transport in the cytosol.
What are the possible fates of Fe2+ once inside the enterocyte?
Used within the cell, stored as ferritin, transported out by ferroportin, or excreted with enterocyte turnover.
What is ferritin?
The iron storage protein.
What does ferroportin do?
Transports iron across the basolateral membrane.
What happens to iron as it leaves through ferroportin?
It is oxidized to Fe3+ by hephaestin.
What is hephaestin?
A copper-containing protein that oxidizes Fe2+ to Fe3+.
What is ceruloplasmin?
A copper-containing protein that oxidizes Fe2+ to Fe3+.
Why are hephaestin and ceruloplasmin important?
Oxidation of Fe2+ to Fe3+ is required for travel on transferrin in blood.
What happens during copper deficiency?
Ceruloplasmin and hephaestin decrease, causing iron accumulation in cells and decreased transport of iron to tissues.
What does transferrin do?
Transports Fe3+ in the blood.