Studied by 3 people
central route to persuasion
direct; relies on content of message
classical conditioning
involves associations between stimuli and responses; Unconditioned stimulus, unconditioned response, neutral stimulus, conditioned stimulus, conditioned response; Pavlov
cognitive map
mental representation of layout of one's environment; Tolman
confounding variables
a factor produced by experiment other than independent variable
descriptive statistics
mean, median, mode, range, standard deviation
double blind research
neither subject nor experimenter knows who is in control group and who is in experimental group
extinction
eventual disappearance of learned response
fixed-ratio schedule
number of responses required is always the same
groupthink
desire for group harmony overrides realistic outlook of situations
insomnia
Difficulty in falling asleep or staying asleep
latent learning
hidden learning - when reinforcement is applied later; Tolman
mere exposure effect
develop preference for people and things we're more familiar with
myelin sheath
protective covering of axon; created by Glial Cells
neural impulse
action potential; signal sent from neurons to other neurons
observational learning
learning new responses by observing behavior of another rather than through experience; Albert Bandura - Bobo Doll experiment
occipital lobe
deals w vision, contains visual cortex, at back of head/brain
operational definition
a description of something in terms of the operations (procedures, actions, or processes) by which it could be observed and measured
operant conditioning
response becomes more or less likely to occur depending on its consequences; reinforcement, punishments; Thorndike, Skinner
overjustification effect
external reward weakens intrinsic motivation - ex loving job but getting paid for it and only doing for money
parasympathetic nervous system
calming; contracts pupils, slows heart rate, stimulates digestion, stimulates gallbladder, contracts bladder, allows blood flow
peripheral route to persuasion
relies on other factors like jingle, candidate's voice, etc
predictive validity
ability of test to predict future behavior
random assignment
assigned to experimental and control groups by chance; minimizes confounding variables
regression
reverts to childlike behavior; freudian defense mechanism
reinforcement
increases likelihood of behavior
replication
replication of original experiment to further prove results
reticular formation
tickle me elmo; draws focus to particular part of body
social facilitation
improved performance of easy/routine tasks in presence of others
successive approximations
step-reward-step-reward until completion of desired behavior
sympathetic nervous system
arousing; dilates pupils, accelerates heart rate, inhibits digestion, relaxes bladder
temporal lobe
process sound - auditory cortex, contains Wernicke's area - wernicke's aphasia = can get words out but don't make sense - can't comprehend language, Fusiform Facial Area - facial recognition
thalamus
"hal and amos" - relay center for all incoming sensory information except smell
validity effect
people believe statement bc it has been repeated many times; repetition equals truth
