(6.2.2) What are the responses to uneven development at the global scale?

SDG, aid, FairTrade

What is aid?

the giving of resources from one country to another, including money, goods and services.

What is bilateral aid?

Aid from one government to another, often with some strings attached

What are some cons of bilateral aid?

• often tied

• LIC may fall further into debt because they can’t pay back money

• increases dependency

• can encourage corruption

What is multilateral aid?

aid given by intergovernmental organisations (World Bank)

What are some pros of multilateral aid?

helps to develop new industries- primary + secondary

What are some cons of multilateral aid?

less likely to be given to countries with unfavourable political situations

LIC becomes increasingly dependent on aid

What is voluntary aid?

Aid given by non-governmental organisations/charities

What are some pros of voluntary aid?

not tied

deals with emergencies

encourage low-cost self-help schemes

more likely to reach poor in remote areas

What are some cons of voluntary aid?

difficult to plan uncertain funds

depends on charities’ ability to collect funds

How does short-term aid work?

emergency aid, normally after a disaster

What is long term development aid?

aid aimed at improving a country’s long term development and self-sufficiency

(education, healthcare, infrastructure)

What are pros of long term aid?

encourages local skill development

encourages use of local raw materials

helps establish industry + local markets

helps train locals to become skilled workforce

What is an example of short term aid in the Gambia?

EU providing 200,000 after 2022 flash floods

to support The Gambian Red Cross Society.

used to assist relocation, drain homes, buy health + hygiene products

over 7000 people will benefit

How did the short term aid help reduce inequality?

prevent illness → people keep working

speed recovery → prevent economic decline

provide help → reduce mortality

reduce stress on gov. finances → allow for investment in the future

What are some problems of the short term aid?

not widespread enough

relocating → impacts different areas, issues down the line

reliance → dependency → inability to cope alone

unpredictable sums → difficult to organise + plan

What is an example of long term development aid in the Gambia?

Action Aid worked with ministry of aid

to use tech (that won’t be affected by power outages)

to digitise children’s health records,

allowing them to be registered in the healthcare system + receive immunisations

How will the long term project work to reduce inequality?

more immunisations → less illness

so children go to school/so parents can work

→ a skilled workforce

→ better economy

→ more money

What were some issues?

long term project → took 6 years for the whole country to receive this technology.

What do development goals refer to?

the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals

What are some concerns about the development goals?

they don’t go far enough

they ignore underlying inequalities in the international system

they are top down and bureaucratic

wishes, not goals- no binding element

lack of data to guide our way

What are some pros of the development goals?

ambitious agenda

collective agenda provides direction

specific strong commitment to end poverty

overarching commitment to end inequality

What is Fair-Trade?

ensuring workers are treated properly and receive a fair price for the goods they produce

What does Fairtrade do?

they set standards

• social, economic, environmental

for companies who manufacture goods and those growing the raw products

What do Fairtrade’s standards consist of?

farmers + workers

• minimum price

• additional funds to invest in community projects

also

• certifies products to show the standards have been checked to be met

What is the fairtrade guarantee?

provide a fair minimum price to farmers

• allows fair wages to trickle down

• enables a profit

• lets farmers invest with certain wage

create a FairTrade Premium to invest

• producers determine most important factor to improve their lives

ensure workers’ rights are protected

• keeps people safe + well

• allows education

ensure environment is protected

• helps stay sustainable

  so farmers can continue in the future

How has fairtrade helped children?

don’t have to help parents

can go to school

break poverty cycle

How has fairtrade helped women?

step towards female freedoms

less need to have children (for work)

less dependent + more able

How has fairtrade helped farm workers?

improved workers’ rights

safer conditions

better wellbeing

How has fairtrade helped farm owners?

can make profits

stable income

paid fairly for work

can plan, invest and pay employees fairly