cell division/ mitosis

Anaphase:

In the third stage of mitosis centromeres split as the spindle fibers shorten
and pull separated chromatids

Blastula:

stage of animal development is an early embryonic stage characterized by rapid cell division making it ideal for observing the stages of the cell

Cell Cycle:

All then events of a cell’s existence, from its formation until it completes cell division or dies

Cell division:

process of parent cell dividing into two daughter cells

cell plate:

Structure that divides the cytoplasm during cytokinesis in plant cells

Chromatin:

complex of DNA and protein found in eukaryotic cells

Chromosome:

structure in the nucleus of cells that carries genetic information in the form of DNA

Cleavage furrow:

Structure that divides the cytoplasm during cytokinesis in animal cells

Cytokinesis:

Division of the cytoplasm and its contents

Interphase:

The portion of the cell cycle where normal cell function occurs

Meristem:

The area of active cell division in the root tip

Metaphase:

In the second stage of mitosis, sister chromatids of duplicated
chromosomes are attached by their kinetochores to the spindle fibers and aligned along
the center of the call

Mitosis:

process used during cell division that divides duplicated genetic material

Telophase:

The final stage of mitosis is characterized by the two newly formed daughter
cells progressing to the interphase stage of their newly beginning cell cycle

Diploid (2n):hip

A cell having homologous pairs of chromosomes

haploid (n):

A cell having only one of the homologs of a homologous pair of chromosome

Daughter cells:

Cells that result from cell division; in mitosis, they are genetically-identical

Asexual reproduction:

single parent produces genetically identical offspring without sexual processes

Somatic cell:

any cell of a living organism other than the reproductive cells

Haploid gametes:

eggs & sperm

Stages of interphase:

G₁: cell is growing

S: DNA is duplicated (synthesized)

G₂: cell prepares for division

Apoptosis:

cell death

Sister Chromatids:

chromosome is duplicated using the two strands of the chromosome as a template

Centromere:

A constricted area where the two sister chromatids are joined together

Kinetochore:

location on the centromere

Root cap:

the protective layer of cells, sloughing off at the very end of the root