Era of Reforms - AP United States History

A collection of vocabulary flashcards to assist students in understanding key terms and concepts from the lecture on the Era of Reforms and Antebellum Society in AP United States History.

Abolitionism

A movement to end slavery in the United States.

Second Great Awakening

A Protestant revival movement in the early 19th century that emphasized individual piety and expressions of faith.

Jacksonian Democracy

A political philosophy promoting greater democracy for the common man as advocated by Andrew Jackson.

Planter Class

The social class in the South that owned 20 or more slaves and formed a small percentage of the population.

Yeoman Farmers

Small landowners in the South who generally owned fewer than 20 slaves and worked alongside their enslaved laborers.

Underground Railroad

A secret network of routes and safe houses used by enslaved people to escape to free states or Canada.

Gang System

A system of labor in which enslaved individuals worked in groups under a driver.

Task System

A system of labor where enslaved individuals were given specific tasks to complete within a certain time frame.

Hammond's Mudsill Theory

The belief that society requires an inferior class to perform menial labor, justified slavery.

Real Price of Owning Slaves

Considerations of the economic costs and benefits associated with slave ownership.

Denmark Vesey's Conspiracy

A planned slave revolt in 1822 led by Denmark Vesey in South Carolina.

Nat Turner's Rebellion

An 1831 slave revolt led by Nat Turner in Virginia, resulting in strict laws against enslaved people.

William Lloyd Garrison

A prominent abolitionist who published 'The Liberator' and argued for immediate emancipation.

Frederick Douglass

A former enslaved man and leading abolitionist known for his powerful speeches and writings.

Cult of Domesticity

A 19th-century ideology that promoted women's role in the home and defined their sphere as separate from men.

Seneca Falls Convention

The first women's rights convention held in 1848, leading to the Declaration of Sentiments.

Know-Nothing Party

A political party in the 1850s that was anti-immigrant and anti-Catholic.

American Colonization Society

An organization founded to promote the migration of free African Americans to Africa, particularly Liberia.

Abolitionist Movement

The campaign against slavery and for the rights of African Americans in the U.S.

Free Black Population

African Americans who were not enslaved, often facing discrimination and limited rights.

Constitutional Compromise

The agreement made during the formation of the U.S. Constitution that allowed for the continuation of slavery.