Science Electrical Principles and Technologies

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25 Terms

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Input Energy
Energy required to make an electrical device operate.
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Output Energy
The amount of useful work produced by an electrical device.
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Transformer
An electrical device that changes voltage from high to low, or low to high.
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Power
The rate at which work is done or energy is converted.
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Watts (W)
The unit of measure for power.
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Kilowatt Hours (kWh)
A measure of power consumed over a period of time.
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Energy
The ability to do work.
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Joules (J)
The unit of measure for energy.
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Energy Efficiency
The ratio between the useful output of an energy conversion device and the energy put into it.
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Incandescent Bulbs
Light bulbs that are inefficient as they convert most electrical energy into heat instead of light.
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Fluorescent Bulbs
Light bulbs that use ionized gas to produce light and are more efficient than incandescent bulbs.
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Energuide Label
A label that indicates how energy efficient an appliance is compared to other models.
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Friction
The main cause of inefficiency through heat loss in energy systems.
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Ball Bearings
Smooth metal balls placed between moving parts to reduce friction.
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Renewable Resources
Resources that can be replenished within a person's lifetime.
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Non-renewable Resources
Resources that take longer than a generation to be replaced, if at all.
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Biomass
Energy derived from organic material such as garbage, wood, and plant material.
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Geothermal Energy
Energy derived from heat deep within the Earth.
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Fossil Fuels
Energy sources from ancient decayed plant material, including oil, gas, and coal.
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Internal Combustion Engine
A type of engine that runs by burning gasoline.
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Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)
A product of burning fossil fuels that leads to acid rain.
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Nitrogen Oxide (NO)
A product of burning fossil fuels that contributes to acid rain.
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Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
A greenhouse gas resulting from fossil fuel burning, linked to global warming.
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Fly Ash
A dust produced from burning fossil fuels that may contain harmful chemicals like arsenic.
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Sustainable Resource
A resource used in a way that benefits the current generation while ensuring availability for future generations.