Overview of the Cell Cycle and Mitosis

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Indicates a specific level or measurement.

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Denotes a type of response in a system.

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Cytokinesis

Final stage of cell division, splits cytoplasm.

Mitosis

Nuclear division process in eukaryotic cells.

Interphase

Longest phase of the cell cycle, includes G1, S, G2.

S Phase

Phase where DNA replication occurs.

G1 Phase

Gap phase for cell growth before DNA synthesis.

G2 Phase

Gap phase after DNA synthesis, before mitosis.

M Phase

Combined phase of mitosis and cytokinesis.

Metaphase

Chromosomes align at the cell's equator.

Anaphase

Sister chromatids are pulled apart to poles.

Telophase

Chromosomes decondense, nuclear envelopes reform.

Start Point

Commitment point for cells to enter S phase.

G0 Phase

Resting state for cells not actively dividing.

Cell Growth

Occurs throughout the cell cycle, excluding mitosis.

Extracellular Signals

External cues that influence cell cycle progression.

Restriction Point

Point in G1 where cells commit to division.

Cell Cycle Duration

Typical human cell cycle lasts 24 hours.

Biochemical State Change

Occurs at transition from metaphase to anaphase.

Eukaryotic Cell Cycle

Divided into G1, S, G2, and M phases.

Gap Phases

Provide time for growth and environmental monitoring.

Nuclear Division

Process of mitosis, separates genetic material.

Cytoplasmic Division

Process of cytokinesis, separates cell contents.

Cell Cycle Monitoring

Ensures conditions are suitable for cell division.

Cell Proliferation

Process of cell growth and division.

Cell Cycle

Series of events leading to cell division.

Eucaryotes

Organisms with complex cells containing nuclei.

Cell-Cycle Control System

Regulatory proteins governing cell cycle progression.

Yeasts

Single-celled fungi used for cell cycle studies.

Fission Yeast

Schizosaccharomyces pombe; divides by septum formation.

Budding Yeast

Saccharomyces cerevisiae; divides by budding process.

Septum

Partition formed during fission yeast division.

Cell Plate

Structure formed during budding yeast division.

Microtubules

Cytoskeletal structures involved in mitosis.

Mitotic Spindle

Microtubule structure that separates chromosomes.

Nuclear Envelope

Membrane surrounding the nucleus during cell cycle.

Spindle Pole Bodies

Microtubule organizing centers in yeast cells.

Gene Inactivation

Loss of function of a specific gene.

Mutations

Changes in DNA sequence affecting gene function.

Cell Cycle Regulation

Mechanisms controlling the timing of cell division.

Evolutionary Conservation

Similarities in proteins across different species.

Cultured Mammalian Cells

Cells grown in vitro for research purposes.

Systematic Searches

Methodical investigations for identifying genetic mutations.

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A term related to data structures or algorithms.

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Refers to a specific type of data processing.

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A concept in computational theory or algorithms.

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A notation used in programming or mathematics.

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Describes a logical or computational process.

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A term indicating a specific state or condition.

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Refers to a type of algorithm or function.

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A term related to data representation.

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Refers to a specific type of data structure.

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A reference point in a computational model.

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A term indicating a specific operation.

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Refers to a type of data processing technique.

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A term related to data analysis.

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Indicates a specific state in a process.

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Refers to a logical structure in programming.