apush chapter 7 part one

Judiciary Act of 1789

Act that established a federal district court in each state and three circuit courts to hear appeals from the districts, with the Supreme Court having the final say

Bill of Rights

The first ten amendments to the Constitution, officially ratified by 1791. The amendments safeguarded fundamental personal rights, including freedom of speech and religion, and mandated legal procedures, such as trial by jury

Report on Public Credit

Alexander Hamilton’s 1790 financial plan made the federal government responsible for all state debts and kept the national debt alive by paying steady interest instead of paying it all off at once, which proved the new nation could be trusted to pay its bills (made it more credit worthy)

Bank of the United States

The First Bank of the United States was a national bank created by Alexander Hamilton in 1790. It was co-owned by the government and private investors to stabilize the early U.S. economy by storing government money, issuing paper currency, and giving loans to businesses

Report on Manufactures

Alexander Hamilton’s 1791 plan (“Report on Manufactures”) was a proposal to make America economically independent by helping local factories grow and taxing foreign goods to make them more expensive

Proclamation of Neutrality

A proclamation issued by President George Washington in 1793 (it declared the U.S. neutral in the war between Great Britain and France) , allowing U.S. citizens to trade with all belligerents in the war between France and Great Britain

French Revolution

A 1789 revolution in France that was initially welcomed by most Americans because it abolished feudalism and established a constitutional monarchy, but eventually came to seem too radical to many

Whiskey Rebellion

A 1794 uprising by farmers in western Pennsylvania in response to enforcement of an unpopular excise tax on whiskey

Jay’s Treaty

A 1795 treaty between the United States and Britain, negotiated by John Jay. The treaty accepted Britain’s right to stop neutral ships. In return, it allowed Americans to submit claims for illegal seizures and required the British to remove their troops and Indian agents from the Northwest Territory

Haitian Revolution

The 1791 conflict involving diverse Haitian participants and armies from three European countries. At its end, Haiti became a free, independent nation in which former slaves were citizens

XYZ Affair

A 1797 incident in which American negotiators in France were rebuffed for refusing to pay a substantial bribe. The incident led the United States into an undeclared war that limited American trade with the French West Indies

Naturalization, Alien, and Sedition Acts

Three laws passed in 1798 that limited individual rights and threatened the fledgling party system. The Naturalization Act lengthened the residency requirement for citizenship, the Alien Act authorized the deportation of foreigners, and the Sedition Act prohibited the publication of insults or malicious attacks on the president or member of Congress

Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions

Resolutions of 1798 condemning the Alien and Sedition Acts that were submitted to the federal government by the Virginia and Kentucky state legislatures. The resolutions tested the idea that state legislatures could judge the constitutionality of federal laws and nullify them

Treaty of Greenville

A 1795 treaty between the United States and various Indian tribes in Ohio. American negotiators acknowledged Indian ownership of the land, and, in return for various payments, the Western Confederacy ceded most of Ohio to the United States