4.16 Organic synthesis

What is organic synthesis

Organic synthesis is the process of starting with some reactants and undergoing a series of reactions to reach a desired specific product.

What can alkanes turn into and with what process (reaction name)

Alkanes can turn into the following:

• Alkenes → cracking

• CO₂ and H₂O → complete combustion

• Alkyl halides → substitution, halogenation

What can alkenes turn into and with what process (reaction name)

Alkenes can turn into the following:

• Alkanes → hydrogenation

• Alcohols → hydration

• Alkyl halides → halogenation

What can alkyl halides turn into and with what process (reaction name)

• Alkenes → elimination

• Alcohols → substitution

• Amines → substitution

What can primary alcohols turn into and with what process (reaction name)

• alkyl halides → substitution

• alkenes → dehydration

• ethers → dehydration

• aldehydes → oxidation

What can secondary alcohols turn into and with what process (reaction name)

• alkyl halides → substitution

• alkenes → dehydration

• ethers → dehydration

• ketones → oxidation

• esters → esterification

What can ethers turn into and with what process (reaction name)

• Alcohols → hydrolysis

What can amines turn into and with what process (reaction name)

• Amides → substitution

What can aldehydes turn into and with what process (reaction name)

• primary alcohols → reduction

• carboxylic acids → oxidation

What can ketones turn into and with what process (reaction name)

• secondary alcohol → reduction

What can carboxylic acids turn into and with what process (reaction name)

• Esters → esterification

• Amides → dehydration

• Aldehyde → reduction