Pharm behavior drugs

Sends messages rapidly along the network of fibers with the help of ion charges

nervous system

responds more slowly by releasing hormones into the bloodstream to target tissue/organs

Endocrine system

What are the 3 nervous system functions

sensory, integrative (analysis), and motor (action)

senses changes in the environment and within the body is

sensory nerves

Interprets the information is

integrative nerves

responds to the interpretation by bringing about an appropriate action

motor nerves

CNS consists of the

brain and spinal cord

Peripheral nervous system PNS is known for

nerve processes that connect the CNS with the glands, muscles and receptors in the body

largest portion of the brain, interprets sensory input, memory, learning, etc.

cerebral cortex

In charge of sensory and motor function

cerebellum

Relays sensory data from the cerebellum, spinal cord, and brain stem to the cerebral cortex. Also pain perception

Thalamus

Controls vital functions like vomiting, coughing, swallowing, body temperature, breathing, and hunger

Medulla oblongata

Controls the pituitary gland which in turn controls the endocrine system

hypothalamus

Responsible for walking, sleeping, and consciousness

reticular formation

Receives messages and carry towards the cell body

Dendrites

Carry messages away from the cell body, can be short or very long, can be myelinated or unmylinated

Axons

carries impulses towards the CNS and are sensory nerves

Afferent

Carries impulse away from the CNS and are motor nerves

Efferent

What type of neurotransmitter is at parasympathetic sites and is rarely used in practice

Acetylcholine

What neurotransmitter releases chemicals during stress, causing vasoconstriction, rapid heart rate, and increases blood pressure

Norepinephrine

What neurotransmitter increases heart rate and cardiac output, constricts/dilates vessels, dilates bronchioles

Epinephrine

What neurotransmitter precursor to E and NE, treats shock and CHF

Dopamine

What neurotransmitter mediates digestion, memory, learning. Calming effect on mood and behavior

Serotonin

What is an inhibitory neurotransmitter, simulation of GABA causes a depressant effect on CNS

GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)

A drug that decreases the incidence or controls the onset of convulsions is

Anticonvulsant

Seizures manifested as spastic muscle movement caused by stimulation of motor nerves in bran or spinal cord is

Convulsion

What stage of seizures lasts minutes to hours like panting and apprehension

Preictal

What seizure phase is the seizure itself

Ictal

What seizure phase is known as after the seizure; confusion, weakness, and blindness

Postical

Some causes of convulsions include

Hypoxia, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, and toxicity

Types of anticonvulsant drugs are

phenobarbital, diazepam, potassium bromide, and zonisamide or levetiracetam

Choice of drug used for long term seizures

Phenobarbital

Common side effects of phenobarbital include

sedation effect, PU/PD, polyphagia

What is the drug of choice for emergency treatment of status epilepticus

Diazepam

Does diasepam have a short or long half-life

short

Diazepam can be given

Orally, through injection, and through rectal gel

Phenobarbital is used with what to help control seizures

Potassium Bromide

What drug should be avoided in cats because it could cause bronchitis

Potassium Bromide

When giving behavioral drugs what must a client also do

behavioral modification

Phenothiazines like acepromazine is an

antipsychotics

Diazepam or buspirone is what kind of behavioral drug

Anxiolytics

Antipsychotics are also known as

major tranquilizers

Anxiolytics are used for what

anxiety or decrease fear responses

diazepam, midazolam, alprazolam is a type of

Benzodiazepines

Benzodiazepines are used to treat

fear, aggression, separation anxiety, compulsive disorders

Buapirone is an

anti-anxiety agent

What is used for fear/phobia related behavior disorders and urine spraying in cats

Buspirone

What are types of Tricyclics (TCA’s)

Amitriptyline and clomipramine

What are types of serotonin reuptake inhibitors

Fluoxetine, sertraline, and paroxetine

Types of monoamine oxidase inhibitors

Selegiline and amitraz

What are other names for fluoxetine

prozac and reconcile

What is another name for sertraline

zoloft

What is another name for clomipramine

clomicalm

What is another name for selegiline

anipryl

What is another name for amitraz

Mitaban

What antidepressant may lower the seizure threshold

tricyclic antidepressants

Tricyclic antidepressants can be used on animals also taking

MAO inhibitors

What tricyclic helps treat OCD

Clomipramine

What tricyclic is used to treat separation anxiety and excessive grooming

Amitriptyline

What SSRI’s are used to treat canine separation anxiety

Fluoxetine

What MAOI is used for the pituitary gland and cognitive dysfunction syndrome

Selegiline (Anipryl)