ATI Critical care medication

Central venous access devices

IV catheter that delivers medication or fluids directly to the superior vena cava

Perfusion

Movementt of oxygenated blood through the body tissues

Electrolyte

An electrically charged element that separates into ions when dissolved in water

Intermittent IV bolus infusions

Volume of IV medication or fluid administred over a set period of time

Shock

Condition of sevre hypotension and decreased tissue perfusion (a reduction in oxygenated blood flow to body tissues leading to potential cellular injury or organ failure)

Hemorrhage

Loss of blood, externally or internally

Angio catheter

Flexible tube inserted into a blood vessel to administer IV medication or fluidsH

Heparin

Medication that prevents the formation of blood clots (anti-coagulants)

1,000 units	500 mL	2 unit/mL
2,000 units	1000 mL	2 units/mL
12,500 units	250 mL	50 units/mL
25,000 units	250 mL	100 units/mL
25,000 units	500 mL	50 units/mL

Dosage. Solution size. Units/mL

Magnesium Sulfate

Electrolyte that activates intracellular enzymes and helps regulate skeletal muscle contractility and blood coagulation. Important in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction, cardiac arrest, seizures secondary to eclampsia, preterm labor, and magnesium deficiency.

Eclampsia

Hypertensive disorder afterthe 20th week of gestation that results in seizures

Labetalol

Third-generation beta-blocking agent with alpha and nonselective beta activity. Results in vasodilation, which decreases peripheral resistance and lowers BP. Decreases HR, myocardial contractility, and rate of conduction through the AV node

Myocardial Contractility

Forced generation is produced by the stretch and shortening of the heart muscle

Bradycardia

Heart rate less than 60/min clients older than 12 years

Dopamine

Alpha and beta adrenergic agonists. Increases cardiac output leading to an increase in tissue perfusion. High doses though can cause alpha 1 activation, leading to local vasoconstriction.

Adrenergic

Referring to cells of the autonomic nervous system, medications with aderngenic affect mimic the sympathetic nervous system.

Vasopresser

Medication that stimulates contraction of the blood vessels and incerases blood pressure

Tritate

to modify volume of fluid or medication based upon physiological parameters

Systolic

Force from ventricular contraction

Tritations

Tritate medications in very small increments to prevent extreme fluctuation in vital signs

Nitroprusside

Non-nitrate vasodilator agent that causes vasodilation of arteries and veins=rapid reduction of blood pressure. Effects make nitroprusside useful for treating hypertensive (Having, relating to, or caused by high blood pressure) crisis.

Nitroglycerin

Organic nitrate that causes direct vasodilation of arteries and veins, resulting in rapid reduction of blood pressure and a decrease in venous return. Causing decrease in o2 demand. Vasodilator makes it useful in treating acute coronary syndrom, angina (chest pain or discomfort that occurs when the heart is not obtaining oxygen rich blood), myocardial infraction, and hypertensive crisis.

Continuous IV infusion

administering an IV bolus medication through a continuous IV infusion, use an approved medication reference to check that the medication is compatible with the infusing IV solution. Pause the continuous infusion. Administer the medication through an IV port that is closest to the client

Preloaded Bolus Mini-injection Systems

Easy access and quick delivery of medication during an emergency.