School Administration and Leadership Practice Test Flashcards

Flashcards covering key legal cases, educational acts, leadership strategies, and administrative policies from the California school administrator lecture transcript.

Kindergarten Readiness Act of 2010

An amendment to the Cal. Ed. Code that changed the required birthday for admission to Kindergarten and first grade and established a transitional kindergarten program beginning in the $2012-2013$ school year.

BYOD (Bring Your Own Device)

A practice that affords schools the opportunity to teach appropriate use of technology, gives students access to eBooks, and reduces the likelihood of students forgetting instructional materials.

Stakeholder Involvement in Vision Formulation

The process of engaging as many community members and employees from the onset so that all may contribute to a shared vision.

SMART Goals

A framework comprising elements that are Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-framed, providing a way for schools to gauge progress toward their vision.

District Board of Education

The entity that has the authority to adopt policies in any given school district.

Bolstering the alternative

A form of bias where a school administrator has a preferred alternative and consequently only searches for information that supports this choice.

Child benefit theory

The basis on which the Supreme Court held in Everson v. Board of Ed that public tax money could be used to transport students to religious schools.

Parent Empowerment Law (Article 3 of SBX54)

A law allowing parents to 'trigger' change via petition, giving them options such as converting a school to a charter, transferring to another public school, or receiving private school scholarships.

Leading and Learning by Walking Around (LLBWA)

A strategy using short time segments to get out of the office to provide an opportunity for holistic observation of school culture and climate.

Student Handbook

An ideal way for a school to communicate behavioral norms, codes of conduct, student rights, and procedures for due process and appeals.

Clinical Supervision: Pre-observation Conference

The step where the teacher takes ownership of the supervision process and decides what should be observed.

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) 1997

Federal legislation requiring that students with disabilities have access to, involvement in, and progress in the general curriculum.

Career Academy

A small learning community within a high school that brings together school and the world of work to engage students.

Backward Planning

The process of identifying the content to be mastered first, then designing assessments and activities to support student learning.

Specialized Instructional Support Personnel (SISP)

A group of professionals including school counselors, psychologists, nurses, and therapists who provide prevention and intervention services to address barriers to learning.

Change-Model Process: Continuation

The step in the Change-Model Process where an organization decides whether or not to institutionalize an innovation.

Needs Analysis

A method for schools to identify strengths and weaknesses using data such as standardized test scores, community surveys, and exit interviews.

Stakeholder

Anyone who is invested in the success of a school or school system.

Institutional Bias

The unjust and discriminatory mistreatment of an individual or group by an organization, such as using biased assessments or denying equal access to events.

Achievement Gap

The difference in academic performance between various ethnic or socioeconomic groups.

Carl D. Perkins Career and Technical Education Improvement Act of 2006 (Perkins IV)

Legislation that defines special populations, including individuals with disabilities, those with limited English proficiency, and displaced homemakers.

Displaced Homemaker

A person who was dependent on the income of another family member but is no longer supported by that income and has diminished marketable skills.

Vertical Teaming

A support structure where instructional staff from 'feeder' elementary schools and the receiving middle school engage in joint professional development.

Least Restrictive Environment (LRE) Test

A four-part test formulated by the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals considering educational and non-academic benefits, the effect on others, and cost.

California Public Employees Relations Board (PERB)

The body with authority to issue orders to accomplish the purposes and policies of the labor statutes it administers.

Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972

Legislation addressing sex discrimination in school athletics, band, academic classes, and on the basis of pregnancy or parental status.

California General Fund Allocation

Public school funding receives more than $40\%$ of the state's General Fund resources.

External Audit

A verification by outside experts, such as CPA firms, to ensure a district follows generally accepted financial principles.

Goss v. Lopez

A U.S. Supreme Court decision obligating school leaders to arrange a hearing before imposing a student suspension.

California Williams Act

A law requiring that students have adequate instructional materials for use in class and to take home.

Lau v. Nichols

A U.S. Supreme Court decision that applied Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 to English Language Learners.

The Rational Model

A decision-making model where administrators know their alternatives and outcomes to make the optimum choice under certainty.

Public Schools Accountability Act of 1999 (PSAA)

A system holding schools accountable; failure to meet Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) for $6$ consecutive years can result in staff replacement or charter conversion.

Academic Content Standards

Public statements about what students should know and be able to do.

Standardized Teacher Professional Development (TPD)

A model where an instructional leadership team receives training to take back to their respective schools.

California Proposition 13 (1978)

Legislation that changed school financing, resulting in the majority of public schools being funded by State General Purpose Revenue.

Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) Title I, Part A

Federal funding intended to be concentrated in schools with the highest percentages of students receiving Free and Reduced Price Lunch (FRPL).

Internal Control

An accounting function involving policies to safeguard assets and verify data accuracy, ensuring no one person has complete control over a transaction.

Children’s Internet Protection Act (CIPA)

A federal law designed to protect minors from harmful material, found not to violate the First Amendment because filters can be disabled for adult research.

Vernonia v. Acton

A U.S. Supreme Court decision that set the precedent upholding a school district's policy of random drug testing for student athletes.

Library Bill of Rights

A document protecting students’ right to voluntarily access information and ideas without restrictions based on age, grade, or fees.

Fourteenth Amendment (Equal Protection Clause)

The constitutional basis for deeming laws like Proposition 187, which deny educational rights to undocumented students, unconstitutional.