Chapter 7: Chemical Reactions and Chemical Quantities
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14 Terms
chemical change
A change that alters the molecular composition of a substance; see also chemical reaction.
physical changes
A change that alters the state or appearance of a substance but not its chemical composition.
chemical property
A property that a substance displays only by changing its composition via a chemical change.
physical property
A property that a substance displays without changing its chemical composition.
chemical equation
A symbolic representation of a chemical reaction; a balanced equation contains equal numbers of the atoms of each element on both sides of the equation.
reactants
A starting substance in a chemical reaction; reactants appear on the left-hand side of a chemical equation.
products
A substance produced in a chemical reaction; products appear on the right-hand side of a chemical equation.
stoichiometry
The numerical relationships between amounts of reactants and products in a balanced chemical equation.
limiting reactant
The reactant that has the smallest stoichiometric amount in a reactant mixture and consequently limits the amount of product in a chemical reaction.
theoretical yield
The greatest possible amount of product that can be produced in a chemical reaction based on the amount of limiting reactant.
actual yield
The amount of product actually produced by a chemical reaction.
percent yield
The percentage of the theoretical yield of a chemical reaction that is actually produced; the ratio of the actual yield to the theoretical yield multiplied by 100%.