S3.1.4 Properties of metals and non-metals

Metals chemical behaviour

Lose electrons to form positive ions

Behave as reducing agents

Form ionic bonds with non-metals

Form basic oxides

Non-metals chemical behaviour

Gain electrons to form negative ions

Behave as oxidizing agent

From covalent bonds with other non-metals

Form acidic oxides

Group 1 metals react..

to form 1+ ions by losing their one valence electron

Group 1 metal properties:

Soft, shiny, can easily be cut

Melting point decreases down group 1, as metallic bonds get weaker

Lithium, sodium, potassium float on water due to low density

How are group 1 metals stored and why?

In oil, to prevent reaction with oxygen in air

What trend do group 1 metals follow for reactivity?

Increases down group

Product of group 1 metal and water reaction

Alkaline solution and hydrogen gas

Product of group 1 metal and halogen reaction

Salts

Group 17 halogen properties:

Melting and boiling points increase down group due to higher LDFs