30- OCD & PTSD - Psychiatric Mental Health Disorders (Level Up RN‬)

Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xIYECtNlhpE&list=PLj9YgcGzjQqxb8eR0DCKHFWt3MEHSz2GY&index=32

Correct Answer: B. An unwanted, intrusive thought, urge, or image that causes anxiety

Explanation: Obsessions are unwanted, intrusive thoughts, urges, or images that cause anxiety, such as fear of contamination or harm.

Which statement best defines an obsession in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?

A. A repetitive behavior performed to decrease anxiety
B. An unwanted, intrusive thought, urge, or image that causes anxiety
C. A rigid personality trait focused on perfectionism
D. A learned coping strategy to manage stress

Correct Answer: C. Repeatedly checking that a door is locked

Explanation: Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or rituals performed in response to obsessions to reduce anxiety, such as checking locks or handwashing.

Which behavior is an example of a compulsion?

A. Fear of harming others
B. Intrusive thoughts about contamination
C. Repeatedly checking that a door is locked
D. Persistent sadness lasting more than two weeks

Correct Answer: C. Are time-consuming and interfere with social or occupational functioning

Explanation: OCD is diagnosed when obsessions or compulsions are time-consuming and interfere with daily functioning.

A diagnosis of OCD is made when obsessions or compulsions:

A. Are present for at least one week
B. Occur only during stressful events
C. Are time-consuming and interfere with social or occupational functioning
D. Are caused by a traumatic event

Correct Answer: B. Cognitive behavioral therapy

Explanation: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is especially effective for treating OCD.

Which therapy is particularly effective in the treatment of OCD?

A. Psychoanalysis
B. Cognitive behavioral therapy
C. Electroconvulsive therapy
D. Family systems therapy

Correct Answer: C. SSRIs and antipsychotics

Explanation: SSRIs are commonly used for OCD, and antipsychotics may also be prescribed in some cases.

Which medications may be used in the treatment of OCD?

A. Benzodiazepines only
B. Mood stabilizers only
C. SSRIs and antipsychotics
D. Beta blockers

Correct Answer: C. Allowing plenty of time for rituals initially

Explanation: Early in treatment, patients should be allowed plenty of time for rituals; this time is gradually limited as treatment progresses.

Which nursing intervention is appropriate when caring for a patient with OCD early in treatment?

A. Immediately stopping ritualistic behaviors
B. Allowing unlimited time for rituals throughout treatment
C. Allowing plenty of time for rituals initially
D. Confronting the patient about irrational behaviors

Correct Answer: C. A traumatic event

Explanation: PTSD develops after exposure to a traumatic event, such as abuse, assault, or combat.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) develops in response to:

A. Genetic predisposition only
B. Chronic anxiety disorders
C. A traumatic event
D. Personality disorders

Correct Answer: C. Flashbacks

Explanation: Flashbacks are a hallmark symptom of PTSD. Command hallucinations are associated with schizophrenia.

Which of the following is a common symptom of PTSD?

A. Command hallucinations
B. Grandiose delusions
C. Flashbacks
D. Pressured speech

Correct Answer: B. Exaggerated startle response

Explanation: PTSD symptoms include hypervigilance and an exaggerated startle response.

Which symptom would the nurse expect to see in a patient with PTSD?

(Select the best answer)
A. Elevated mood
B. Exaggerated startle response
C. Disorganized speech
D. Flight of ideas

Correct Answer: D. Follow a traumatic event and impair functioning

Explanation: PTSD requires a preceding traumatic event and symptoms severe enough to interfere with social or occupational functioning.

PTSD is diagnosed when symptoms:

A. Occur without a stressor
B. Begin before a traumatic event
C. Are mild and short-lived
D. Follow a traumatic event and impair functioning

Correct Answer: A. Cognitive behavioral therapy and EMDR

Explanation: CBT and EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) are evidence-based treatments for PTSD.

Which therapies are used in the treatment of PTSD?

A. Cognitive behavioral therapy and EMDR
B. Psychoanalysis and hypnosis
C. Family therapy only
D. Exposure therapy only

Correct Answer: C. Trazodone

Explanation: Trazodone is commonly used to help with sleep disturbances in PTSD.

Which medication may be prescribed to assist with sleep in a patient with PTSD?

A. Haloperidol
B. Lithium
C. Trazodone
D. Clozapine

Correct Answer: C. Ensuring patient safety

Explanation: Safety is the top priority, including assessing suicide risk and remaining with the patient during flashbacks or nightmares.

What is the nurse’s top priority when caring for a patient with PTSD?

A. Teaching coping skills
B. Encouraging exercise
C. Ensuring patient safety
D. Limiting emotional expression

Correct Answer: D. Substance abuse

Explanation: Substance abuse is a common maladaptive coping mechanism in PTSD and should be assessed.

Which maladaptive coping behavior should the nurse assess for in patients with PTSD?

A. Journaling
B. Exercise
C. Deep breathing
D. Substance abuse

Correct Answer: C. PTSD

Explanation: Emotional detachment from others is a common symptom of PTSD.

A feeling of detachment from others is associated with which disorder?

A. OCD
B. Schizophrenia
C. PTSD
D. Bipolar disorder

Correct Answer: B. Inflexibility and preoccupation with rules, order, and perfectionism

Explanation: Individuals with OCD tend to be inflexible and preoccupied with rules, order, and perfectionism, as stated in the video.

Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) tend to exhibit which characteristic?

A. Emotional detachment from others
B. Inflexibility and preoccupation with rules, order, and perfectionism
C. Rapid mood swings
D. Grandiose thinking

Correct Answer: B. Provide a structured environment and teach relaxation techniques

Explanation: Nursing care for OCD includes providing a structured environment and helping the patient learn relaxation techniques.

Which nursing intervention is appropriate when caring for a patient with obsessive-compulsive disorder?

A. Encourage spontaneous behavior and unpredictability
B. Provide a structured environment and teach relaxation techniques
C. Discourage all ritualistic behaviors immediately
D. Isolate the patient to reduce anxiety

Correct Answer: B. Insomnia and nightmares

Explanation: Insomnia and nightmares are common symptoms of PTSD mentioned in the video.

Which sleep-related symptoms are commonly associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?

A. Hypersomnia and sleepwalking
B. Insomnia and nightmares
C. Night terrors only
D. Sleep apnea

Correct Answer: B. Irritability and difficulty concentrating

Explanation: PTSD symptoms include irritability and difficulty concentrating, along with other hyperarousal symptoms.

Which symptoms may a nurse expect to assess in a patient with PTSD?

A. Euphoria and pressured speech
B. Irritability and difficulty concentrating
C. Delusions and hallucinations
D. Emotional blunting only

Correct Answer: C. Stay with the patient during the episode

Explanation: Nursing care for PTSD includes staying with the patient during flashbacks or nightmares to promote safety and grounding.

When caring for a patient with PTSD who is experiencing flashbacks, which nursing action is most appropriate?

A. Leave the patient alone to regain control
B. Redirect the patient to unrelated topics
C. Stay with the patient during the episode
D. Restrain the patient immediately

Correct Answer: C. Deep breathing and exercise

Explanation: Nurses should encourage healthy coping mechanisms, such as deep breathing and exercise, in patients with PTSD.

Which coping strategies should the nurse encourage for a patient with PTSD?

A. Avoidance and emotional suppression
B. Substance use to reduce anxiety
C. Deep breathing and exercise
D. Excessive sleep

Correct Answer: C. SSRIs and SSNRIs

Explanation: The video states that SSRIs and SSNRIs are helpful medications in the treatment of PTSD.

Which class of medications may be used in the treatment of PTSD according to the video?

A. Benzodiazepines only
B. Antipsychotics only
C. SSRIs and SSNRIs
D. Mood stabilizers