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Paleolitic
Early stone age, 2.5 million to 8,000 B.C. Humanoids were nomadic hunter gatherers that made tools from stone, bone, and wood.
Neolitic
late stone age, 8,000 to 4,000 B.C. Humanoids settled in agricultural communities
Periodization
dividing time into historical eras for purposes of analysis
Neolithic Revolution
prehistorical shift in human activity from hunting and gathering to agriculture resulting in human settlements
Civilization
a society characterized by established cities, specialized labor, complex institutions, written records, and advanced technology
Institution
a long-standing custom, practice, or tradition adopted by a group of people
City-state
an independent political unit made up of a city and surrounding land
Dynasty
a series of rulers from a single family
Empire
a political unit where large numbers of people and areas of land are controlled by one ruler
Fertile Crescent
land area between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers extending in a crescent shape to the Eastern Mediterranean Sea and noted for agricultural production
Polytheism
belief in multiple Gods
Monotheism
belief in a single God
Theocracy
System of government in which priests rule in the name of a God
