Renal and Urinary in children

Most common bacterial urinary infection in children

UTI

Urine flows backward into ureters/kidneys

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)

Why is VUR dangerous ?

repeated UTIs→ kidney scarring

Most common kidney cancer in children? Typically a painless abdominal mass

Wilms tumor

Wilms tumor warning? Dont palpate the _

abdomen (risk of tumor rupture)

Urinary tract blockage present at birth

Congenital obstructive uropathy

Betwetting after age 5

enuresis

This triad is for:

Hemolytic anemia

Throbocytopenia

Acute Kidney Injury

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome (HUS)

Most common cause of HUS

Shiga toxin-producing E. coli

Undescended testicle

cryptorchidism

Why do we want to treat cryptorchidism

2

Decreased fertility

Increase risk of testicular cancer

Most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in children

Minimal change disease

Hallmark sign of minimal change disease

Massive proteinuria and edema

Occurs after strep throat or impetigo

Post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis

Post-strep GN signs

3

Hematuria

Edema

Hypertension