Feedback Systems and Unit 1 Word Parts

What activates a feedback system?

A stimulus

Receptor

Structure activated by a stimulus that starts an electrical impulse

Sensory neuron

Transmits electrical impulses from the receptor to the CNS (control center)

Control center (integrating center)

Evaluates input - found in the brain or spinal cord (CNS)

Motor neuron

Transmits electrical impulses away from the control center to the effector

Effector

Structure in the feedback system that generates a noticeable response

ana-

Up

patho-

Disease, suffering

-tom

Cutting

cardi-

Heart

physio-

Nature, function

derm / dermat-

Skin

-logy

Study of

uni-

One

ped-

Foot, child

mono-

One

pharmaco-

Medication

di-

Two

endocrin-

Hormones

de-

Away from, remove

geront-

Elderly

bi-

Two

gyne-

Female

tri-

Three

homeo-

Similar

quad-

Four

-stasis

Stay / stop

oct-

Eight

hemat / hemo-

Blood, iron

cata-

Down

immun-

Immunity

endo-

Inside

nephro-

Kidney

exo-

Outside

onc-

Cancer

-cyte

Cell

neur-

Nervous, nerve, spinal cord

bio-

Life

ortho-

Straight up

homo-

Same

meta-

Change, after

myo-

Muscle

ipsi-

Same

contra-

Opposite

First step of a feedback system

1) Stimulus activates receptor

Second step of a feedback system

2) Sensory neuron (sends info the CNS)

Third step of a feedback system

3) CNS/control center/integrating center processes receptor

Fourth step of a feedback system

4) Motor neuron (info is sent out of the CNS)

Fifth step of a feedback system

5) Response

Three types of effectors

1) muscle

2) gland

3) organ (viscera)

Examples of a stimulus

Heat, pain, sound, smell/odor

Examples of responses

Salivation (to smell), movement (to sound)

What happens in a negative feedback response?

The body goes in the opposite direction to return to a relatively normal state

What happens in a positive feedback response?

The body continues in the same direction to go above normal