ANAPHY MT 100 LEC - Special Senses (SMELL AND TASTE)

olfactory epithelium (olfactory mucosa)

a specialized patch of mucous membrane located in the roof (superior portion) of the nasal cavity

cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone

The olfactory epithelium (olfactory mucosa) lies beneath the __________

cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone,

allowing olfactory nerve fibers to pass directly into the cranial cavity

Olfactory Receptor Cells, Supporting Cells, Mucus Layer

Enumerate the major cell types in the Olfactory Epithelium

Olfactory Receptor Cells

The dendritic end of each neuron projects toward the epithelial surface and bears numerous olfactory hairs (cilia)

Olfactory Receptor Cells - Bipolar sensory neurons

This is ________ that serves as the primary chemoreceptors for smell

olfactory hairs (cilia)

These cilia extend into the mucus layer, where they interact with dissolved

odor molecules

Olfactory Filaments

The axons of these receptor neurons bundle together to form the

olfactory nerve

The olfactory filaments collectively become the ____ after passing through the cribriform plate

Supporting Cells

Tall columnar epithelial cells that surround and support the olfactory receptor neurons

Supporting Cells

Provide structural support and help maintain the appropriate environment for receptor function

Mucus Layer

The olfactory epithelium is covered by a thin layer of this

Mucus Layer

- Moistens the receptor surface

- Dissolves inhaled odor molecules so they can bind to receptor proteins

- Helps trap dust and other airborne particles

Olfactory Bulb

Located on the inferior surface of the frontal lobe, just above the cribriform

plate

Olfactory Bulb

- Receives impulses from the olfactory receptor neurons

- Serves as the first processing center for olfactory information before

impulses travel to higher brain centers

Olfactory Tract

A bundle of nerve fibers extending posteriorly from the olfactory bulb

Olfactory Tract

Conducts olfactory impulses to the primary olfactory cortex of the cerebrum

Papillae

Numerous small projections that covers the dorsal surface of the tongue

Papillae

increase the surface area of

the tongue and contain most of the

taste buds

Taste Buds

the sensory organs responsible for gustation

10,000 Taste Buds

How many taste buds are present in adults?

Tongue, Soft Palate, Superior Pharynx, Inner Cheeks

Enumerate the places where Taste Buds are located at:

basal cells (stem cells)

Because the taste buds are exposed to constant friction and hot foods, taste buds

are continually replaced by

7-10 days

How often are taste buds replaced?

Gustatory (Taste) Cells, Supporting Cells, Basal Cells

Enumerate the different cells of the Taste Buds

Gustatory (Taste) Cells

Specialized epithelial receptor cells that have tiny gustatory hairs that project a small opening

Microvilli

tiny gustatory hairs in the Gustatory (Taste) Cells

Taste Pore

Small openings that are projected by the Microvilli

Gustatory (Taste) Cells

Dissolved food molecules stimulate receptors on the microvilli

Supporting Cells

Surround the gustatory cells to provide structural support and help maintain receptor function

Basal Cells

Stem cells located at the base of the taste bud that continuously divide to replace worn-out gustatory receptor cells