History Chapter 3

The Age of Enlightenment

Philosophe

French for Philosopher

Rationalism

The idea of people using logic and reason to understand the world

Enlightenment

A time of change in knowlege

Individualism

The idea that human’s natural rights matter and cannot be taken

Natural Rights

Basic human rights that everyone is born with

Enlightenment Thinkers

Thought using rationalism, and started thinking apart from the church

John Locke

Believed in protecting humans’ natural rights

Montesquieu

Believed in 3 branches of govt, legislative, executive, and judicial

Rousseau

Supported democracy, disliked science and art

Voltaire

Made arguments using humor, supported the separation of church and state

Absolute Monarchs

had 1000% power

Louis XIV

Absolute monarch, made France one of the most powerful nations in Europe, built the Palace of Versailles

Palace of Versailles

Gigantic palace in France, built by Louis XIV

Divine Right

The belief that God gave monarchs the power to rule

Age of Absolutism

Time when monarchs had total power over every aspect of society