American Republic Chapter 3 BJU 5th

Great Migration

Movement of thousands of Puritans from England to New England in the 1630s to escape persecution and build religious communities.

Frontier

The edge of colonial settlement where Europeans and Native Americans met; a zone of opportunity, trade, and frequent conflict.

Conestoga wagons

Large, canvas-covered wagons built in Pennsylvania, used to haul goods and later settlers across rough terrain.

subsistence farmers

Farmers who grew only enough food for their families, with little or no surplus to sell.

plantations

Large Southern farms producing cash crops like tobacco and rice, worked mainly by enslaved Africans.

Tidewater

The fertile coastal region of Virginia and Maryland where wealthy planters grew tobacco for export.

triangular trade

Three-way trade system linking Europe, Africa, and the Americas, including the transport of enslaved Africans.

John Eliot

Puritan missionary in Massachusetts who translated the Bible into Algonquian and founded “praying towns.”

praying towns

Native American villages in New England where converts lived under Christian and English customs.

Pequot War

Conflict in 1636–1637 where colonists and allies destroyed the Pequot tribe over land and trade disputes.

King Philip’s War

War in 1675–1676 led by Wampanoag chief Metacom (“King Philip”), ending in heavy losses for Native tribes.

Bacon’s Rebellion

1676 uprising in Virginia where frontier settlers rebelled against Governor Berkeley.

Militia

Local citizen-soldiers called up in emergencies for defense, instead of a permanent standing army.

“power of the purse”

Colonial assemblies’ control of taxation and spending, giving them leverage over governors.

Freeholders

Male landowners with full property rights, often the only men allowed to vote or hold office.

justices of the peace

Local officials who settled minor disputes, oversaw order, and handled small legal matters.

township

New England’s basic unit of government, where towns held meetings to vote on local issues.

Middle colonies

Which colonial region was the most diverse?

Corn (Maize)

What was the most common food crop in America?

purse

The authority to control a government's finance was called the "power of the BLANK".

Poll tax

Which tax was paid before voting?

Rice

What was the main crop in the tidewater areas?

Appalachian

Which mountain range formed the western border of the British colonies?

New England colonies

Where did the Puritans settle?

Pennsylvania

In which colony did Germans comprise nearly one-third of the population?

Frontier

Which term refers to the undeveloped area at the edge of settled colonies?

Southern colonies

Which colonial region came to rely more and more on African slaves?

New England colonies

Which region relied on fishing since it lacked good farmland?

Middle colonies

Which region became known for its many navigable rivers?

Southern colonies

Which group/region of colonies built large farms called plantations?

Indigo

Which crop produces a dye of rich blue color?

Europe/England

Where did the American colonies receive manufactured goods from?

Algonquin

Which Indian tribe did John Eliot minister to?

New England colonies

Which colonial region was the Pequot War fought in?

Southern colonies (Virginia)

Which colonial region did Bacon's Rebellion take place in?

Property tax

What was the primary tax in the colonies?

The township

What was the basic unit of government in New England?

America to England

These goods were exported from where to where during the Triangle Trade: Whale oil, sugar

America to England

These goods were exported from where to where during the Triangle Trade: indigo, lumber, furs, tobacco

America to England

These goods were exported from where to where during the Triangle Trade: fish, rum, rice

England to America

These goods were exported from where to where during the Triangle Trade: Manufactured goods, tools

America to Africa

These goods were exported from where to where during the Triangle Trade: Iron, textiles, rum

Africa to America

These goods were exported from where to where during the Triangle Trade: Slaves

England to Africa and England to America

These goods were exported from where to where during the Triangle Trade: Manufactured goods

Africa to England

These goods were exported from where to where during the Triangle Trade: Gold, ivory, spices

Puritans

This religious group settled largely in the New England area

Quakers

This religious group settled largely in Pennsylvania, Delaware, New Jersey

Scots-Irish

This group of immigrants settled largely in Appalachian backcountry (VA, Carolinas, Georgia)

Germans

This group of immigrants settled largely in Pennsylvania, Hudson Valley, western VA, NC, MD

Africans

This group of humans could be found largely in South Carolina, Virginia, and the southern colonies.

Bible printed in America

John Eliot’s translation of the Bible into the Algonquian language was the first?

New England

Town meetings in the BLANK colonies were America’s purest form of direct democracy.

eighteenth

The 1700s were the BLANK century.

New England colonies

In which region would the following have been more common hilly, rocky soil, long winters, shipbuilding, fishing, whaling,

Middle colonies

In which region would the following have been more common, many rivers, bread colonies, fur trading.

Southern colonies

In which region would the following have been more common warm weather, tidewater, plantations,tobacco, rice, indigo

New England Colonies

Merchants in the BLANK were best known for the large profit they made in the shipping industry.