Dementia

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Alzheimer’s Dementia

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Abnormal deposits of proteins form amyloid plaque and tau tangles throughout the brain.

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Frontotemporal Dementia

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Abnormal amounts or forms of tau and TDP-43 proteins accumulate inside neurons in the frontal and temporal lobes.

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27 Terms

1

Alzheimer’s Dementia

Abnormal deposits of proteins form amyloid plaque and tau tangles throughout the brain.

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2

Frontotemporal Dementia

Abnormal amounts or forms of tau and TDP-43 proteins accumulate inside neurons in the frontal and temporal lobes.

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3

Lewy Dementia

Abnormal deposits of the alpha-synuclein protein that affect the brain’s chemical messengers.

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4

Vascular Dementia

Conditions, such as blood clots, disrupt blood flow in the brain.

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5

Pyramidal Pathway

Mecanismo encargado de controlar los movimientos delicados. Desórdenes causan spasticity y parálisis. Proceso que atraviesa la médula oblongata.

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6

Extrapyramidal pathway

Mecanismo encargado de controlar tono muscular, velocidad del movimiento y supresión de movimientos involuntarios. Desórdenes provocan movimientos involuntarios, rigidez o inmovilidad sin parálisis. La decussación no se da adecuadamente.

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7

Corteza motora

Encargada de los movimientos voluntarios de los músculos.

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8

Parkinson Disease

Destrucción de las neuronas dopaminérgicas, causando un desbalance entre dopamina y acetilcolina en el cuerpo.

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9

Ischemic Stroke

caused by cerebrovascular obstruction by thrombosis or emboli.

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10

Penumbra

Cells surrounding death cells.

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11

Thrombotic stroke

atherosclerosis plaque in a large blood vessel causing a local thrombosis and occlusion. Is the more common cause of ischemic strokes.

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12

Lacunar stroke

small infacts resulting from occlusion of smaller branches of cerebral arteries; when they heal, leave small cavities.

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13

Embolic Stroke

thrombus in the heart or artherosclerotic plaque in the carotid arteries travels quickly to the brain.

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14

Hemorragic stroke

sudden rupture of a cerebral blood vessels.

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15

Subarachnoid hemorrage

rupture of cerebral blood vessels between the inner and outer layers of the tissue covering the brain.

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16

Intracerebral hemorrhage

hemorrage within the cerebral parenchyma that compress and disrupts neuronal tissue.

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17

ADHD

  1. Falta de atención

  2. hyperactividad-impulsividad

  3. Síntomas desde los 12 años de edad

  4. Presenta síntomas tanto en el hogar como en la escuela

  5. Problemas sociales, academicos y ocupacionales

  6. Los síntomas no se deben a otra enfermedad mental

    Dopamina, epinefrina y norepinefrina

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18

MDD

  1. Emocionales (desinteres, pensamientos suicidas, psycosis)

  2. Cognitivas (falta de concentración, confusion…)

  3. Fisicas (fatiga, cambios en sueños, palpitaciones, pérdida de libido, GI…)

  4. Psycomotoras (Llorar de la nada, inquieto…)

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19

MDD Post parto

  1. Ocurre durante o despues del embarazo

  2. fluctuaciones en el estado de animo

  3. preocupación excesiva por la salud del bebé

  4. Pensamientos psicóticos o halucinaciones

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20

MDD atipico

  1. Presenta síntomas inusuales de depresión

  2. reactividad del estado de animo

  3. ganancia de peso significativa (incremento en apetito)

  4. hypersomnia

  5. heavy limbs (extremidades pesadas por dormir mucho)

  6. sensaciones de rechazo

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21

MDD melancholic features

  1. La persona nunca se siente bien aunque pasen cosas buenas

  2. Estado de animo disminuido en las mañanas

  3. agitación

  4. anorexia (perdida de peso)

  5. Guilty (sentido de culpabilidad)

  6. Melancolía continua

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22

MDD seasonal pattern

El paciente presenta al menos 2 episodios en una estacion del año en particular, pero no necesariamente porque haya pasado un evento triste.

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23

MDD chronic/Dysthymia

Persistent Drepressive Disorder. El paciente presenta síntomas continuos durante 2 años.

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24

Psychotic features

  1. Mood-congruent

  2. Mood-incongruent

  3. Increased suicide risk

psychotic symptoms occurs ONLY during depressive episodes.

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25

Schizophrenia

psychotic symptoms persist BEYOND mood.

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26

Schizophrenia

Collection of illness characterized by thought disorders, which reflect a breack in reality or splitting of the cognitive from the emotional of one’s personality.

Síntomas positivos: Delusions, Hallucinations, Disorganized Speech, Catatonic Behaviour, Disorganized Behaviour

Síntomas negativos: Affective Flattening, Anhedonia Asociality, Alogia and Avolition Apathy

Cognitivos: Poor Decision-Making, Attention Deficit, Unable to remember or learn new things, Unable to understand other easily.

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27

Bipolar Disorder

Chronically occuring episodes of mania or hypomania alternating with depression and is often misdiagnosed initially.

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