music eras key idea

rock'n'roll era (5) (context)

1950s: American prosperity post-WWII, the baby boom and the invention of the teenager, rock'n'roll as youth rebellion, the Cold War, radio and the juke box, the invention of the electric guitar, the birth of the album

rock'n'roll era (5) (genres)

The standard, R&B, rock'n'roll, college folk music

rock'n'roll era (5) (key terms)

Payola, bowlderization, teenager, cover version, record producer, singles/albums, copyright

rock'n'roll era (5) (themes)

Racialized genre categories (R&B and rock'n'roll), new technology changing the music business (TV, electric guitar, the LP), white musicians profiting by covering black music styles, sexism in popular music

early 1960s (6) (context)

1960s: civil rights movement, African American sacred and secular musics intersect, the rise of the record producer, the folk revival, the Viet Nam war

early 1960s (6) (genres)

spirituals, gospel, soul, message songs, dance music, girl groups, motown, southern soul, folk, folk-rock, countrypolitan country

early 1960s (6) (terms)

syncretism, cross-over, double coding/message songs, mainstream audience, integration, authenticity, dance music, producer, Brill Building, Countrypolitan

early 1960s (6) (themes)

struggle for equal rights, african american self-determination, integration through music, the music factory, technology changing the music industry

late 1960s alternatives (7) (context)

1960s: British Invasion, Hippy/Peace movement, mainstreaming of drug culture, Woodstock festival, the Viet Nam War

late 1960s alternatives (7) (genres)

British Invasion Rock/Pop, Psychedelic Rock, London R&B, Rock Opera, country rock

late 1960s alternatives (7) (terms)

Counterculture, psychedelic, British Invasion, auto-destructive art, rock opera, studio art

late 1960s alternatives (7) (themes)

white artists selling African American music back to a white audience, technology changing the sound and business of music, youth rebellion through popular music

70s sound (8) (context)

1970s: end of the Hippy moment, rock shifts towards "art music", Black popular music expands, the rise of the album, stadium shows

70s sound (8) (genres)

Nostalgic rock, singer-songwriter, funk, soft soul, album oriented rock, heavy metal, glam rock, progressive rock

70s sound (8) (terms)

Nostalgia, Re-Africanization, Concept Albums, Progressive, Afro-futurism, Album Oriented Rock/Radio, Rock as Theatre

70s sound (8) (themes)

Genre expansion through fragmentation, genre divisions as social divisions

70s rebel musics (9) (context)

1970s: reactions against mainstream rock, rebellious alternative musics, gay liberation, development of electronic instruments, emergence of Hip Hop culture and sampling

70s rebel musics (9) (genres)

British heavy metal, disco, punk, pop punk, hardcore, new wave, rap/hip hop

70s rebel musics (9) (terms)

rebel music, alternative, heteronormative culture, punk/diy, sampling, breaks, DJ, MC, the Dozens, Turntablism, Conscious Rap

70s rebel musics (9) (themes)

creative use of technology, relationship of mainstream to marginal music cultures, African American musical responses to marginalization (eg disco for black LGBT
eg hip hop reaction against ghettoization of the bronx)

80s pop music (10) (context)

1980s: new electronic instruments, music videos, entertainment industry consolidation, pop mega stars, the mainstreaming of hip hop

80s pop music (10) (genres)

thrash metal, glam metal, synth pop, synth rick, world beat, big/small singers, rap/hip hop, alternative rock, gangster rap

80s pop music (10) (terms)

horizontal and vertical integration, portable music, synthesizers, androgyny, celebrity, hip hop crossover, mainstreaming, big and small singers

80s pop music (10) (themes)

New technology changing business models and musicians' creative process, marginal musics becoming mainstream, fusing of different music styles

new millennium (11) (context)

1990s to present: the rise of alternative music/niche marketing, rock returns, the modern music factory, pop music borrows from dance music, digital music technology changes the business

new millennium (11) (genres)

boy/girl bands, grunge, riot grrrl, pop punk, alternative hip hop, new country, electronic dance music, modern pop

new millennium (11) (terms)

alternative/niche, digital, standardization, novelty, the song machine, electronica

new millennium (11) (themes)

standard forms enable mass production, alternative musics move into the mainstream (theme of course— the counter popular music becomes popular), technology enables both new creative possibilities and changes the business