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Regulating Services
Benefits where ecosystems mitigate environmental stressors, such as climate regulation, water purification, and pest control.
Cultural Services
These are the non-material benefits that ecosystems provide, such as recreational, aesthetic, and spiritual values.
Supporting Services
These are the services that ecosystems provide that support the other three categories, such as soil formation and nutrient cycling.
Edge Effect
changes in population or community structures that occur at the boundary between two different ecosystems
Optimal Range
the ideal set of conditions an organism thrive by growing and reproducing successfully
Natural Disruption
Events in nature that significantly change the structure or function of an ecosystem
Disturbance
any event, whether natural or human-caused, that changes an ecosystem's structure or function by altering its population sizes or community composition