2.1.2 (d) ring structure HEXOSE AND PENTOSE

What does a 1-4 bond mean

Carbon 1 from one mono joins to carbon 4 Ona second monosaccharide

How many carbon atoms are in a hexose

6

What is an example of a hexose monosaccharide

GLUCOSE

Draw the alpha glucose

Draw a beta glucose

What is the use of an alpha glucose molecule

It is a substrate in respiration

What is the use f a beta glucose molecule

Polymerises to form cellulose

What is an example of a Penrtose sugar

RIBOSE ( 5 CARBON)

What is the formula for ribose

What is the use of ribose

It is a sugar in RNA nucleotides

What are some properties of glucose

Soluble in water

Hydrophilic and can be transported in blood

The hydroxyl group in water make it polar and therefore form hydrogen bonds

REDUCING SUGAR

It contains a free hemiacetal group ( a group which can from an aldehyde) THIS IS A C DOUUBLE 0 BOND

It allows sugars to donate electrons to another molecule;e

What is a glycosidic bond?

Strong covalent bond that links sugar to another group ( it can be a carb group or not)

Formed through condensation reactions where a water molecule is released

The nature of the bond determines its properties ( whether its a or b and how many carbon atoms are included)

Give an example of a glycosidic bond

Form polysaccharides like starch

Form disaccharides like sucrose

What is hydrolysis

When water is addded to a disaccharide to go back to the original 2 monosaccharides

What is a disaccharide

Disaccharides are sugars that are composed of 2 monosaccharide joined together in a condensation reaction forming a glycosidic bond