Diencephalon -anatomy mcqs

Thalamus is the biggest relay station in the CNS

- yes/no

yes

The reticular thalamic nuclei form a shell-like structure on the antero-lateral surface of the thalamus

- yes/no

yes

A basic function of the thalamus is processing of sensory information

- yes/no

yes

Hypothalamus is concerned with control of food and water intake

- yes/no

yes

Subthalamus is somatosensory control center

- yes/no

no

Mammillary bodies are anatomically related to the hypothalamus

- yes/no

yes

Diencephalon originates from the prosencephalic ventricle

- yes/no

yes

Lateral thalamic nuclei are classified functionally as associate nuclei

- yes/no

no

The anterior group of thalamic nuclei are functionally part of the limbic system

- yes/no

yes

Internal medullary lamina divides the thalamus into 3 groups of nuclei - anterior, medial, lateral

- yes/no

yes

Which of the following thalamic nuclei has a motor function?

- lateral dorsal nucleus

- mediodorsal nucleus

- ventral lateral nucleus

- ventral posterior nucleus

- lateral posterior nucleus

ventral lateral nucleus

Spinothalamic fibers project to which one of the following thalamic nuclei?

- ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus

- pulvinar

- ventral anterior nucleus

- ventral posterolateral (VPL) nucleus

- anterior nucleus

ventral posterolateral (VPL) nucleus

Cerebellar fibers project to which one of the following thalamic nuclei?

- ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus

- lateral dorsal nucleus

- lateral posterior nucleus

- ventral lateral nucleus

- anterior nucleus

ventral lateral nucleus

The globus pallidus projects to which ones set of thalamic nuclei?

- centromedian, ventral anterior and ventral lateral nuclei

- ventral anterior, ventral lateral and anterior nuclei

- ventral lateral, lateral dorsal and lateral posterior nuclei

- mediodorsal, ventral posterolateral (VPL) and ventral posteromedial (VPM) nuclei

- centromedian, lateral dorsal and lateral ventral nuclei

centromedian, ventral anterior and ventral lateral nuclei

The thalamus receives precortical sensory input from all of the following modalities except:

- general somatic sense

- gustation

- vision

- audition

- olfaction

olfaction

All of the following statements concerning the mediodorsal nucleus are correct except it:

- receives input from the amygdaloid nucleus

- receives input from the intralaminar nuclei

- is part of the limbic system

- is part of the extrapyramidal motor system

- has reciprocal connections with the prefrontal cortex

is part of the extrapyramidal motor system

Which of the following structures is a part of hypothalamus?

- corpus pineale

- corpus geniculatum laterale

- infundibulum

- inferior colliculi

infundibulum

Which of the thalamus is NOT true?

- the medial group of nuclei receives afferents from hypothalamus

- the ventral anterior nucleus is a part of the extrapyramidal neural network

- the ventral anterior nucleus doesn't receive afferents from pallidum and substantia nigra

- the ventral posterior lateral nucleus receives afferents from spinal lemniscus

- the ventral posterior medial nucleus receives afferents from trigeminal lemniscus

the ventral anterior nucleus doesn't receive afferents from pallidum and substantia nigra

Which of the following structures is a part of epithalamus?

- hypophysis

- corpus geniculatum mediale

- habenular trigone

- superior colliculus

habenular trigone

Which of the thalamus is NOT true?

- it has laterally the posterior limb of internal capsule

- the hypothalamic sulcus (sulcus of Monro) which extends from the interventricular foramen to the cerebral aqueduct is the boundary between the thalamus and midbrain (mesencephalon)

- its upper surface is covered by a layer of white substance, named the stratum zonale

- the stria terminalis covers the thalamostriate vein, marking a line of separation between the thalamus and the caudate nucleus

the hypothalamic sulcus (sulcus of Monro) which extends from the interventricular foramen to the cerebral aqueduct is the boundary between the thalamus and midbrain (mesencephalon)

which of the listed structures belongs to epithalamus?

- optic chiasm

- hypophisis

- lamina affixa

- pineal body

- mammillary bodies

pineal body

The hypothalamus:

(which is true?)

- Is a division of the diencephalon

- Is perfused by the posterior communicating artery

- Is visible only from the ventral aspect of the brain

- Lies within the walls of the fourth ventricle

- Includes the mamillary body

- Is a division of the diencephalon

- Is perfused by the posterior communicating artery

- Is visible only from the ventral aspect of the brain

- Includes the mamillary body

The third ventricle:

(which is true?)

- Communicates with the lateral ventricles through the interventricular foramina

- Communicates with the fourth ventricle by means of the cerebral (Sylvian) aqueduct

- Communicates with the subarachnoid space through holes in its roof

- Has no choroid plexus

- Is anterior to the pineal body

- Communicates with the lateral ventricles through the interventricular foramina

- Communicates with the fourth ventricle by means of the cerebral (Sylvian) aqueduct

- Is anterior to the pineal body

The thalamus:

(which is true?)

- Receives the terminations of the second neurons of the proprioceptive pathway mainly from the same side of the body

- Receives fibers from the mammillary bodies

- Contains the cell bodies of the third neurons of the touch pathway

- Has connections with the motor areas of the cerebral cortex

- Receives fibers from the dentate nucleus of the cerebellum mainly from the same side

- Receives fibers from the mammillary bodies

- Contains the cell bodies of the third neurons of the touch pathway

- Has connections with the motor areas of the cerebral cortex

The thalamus:

(which is true?)

- Is separated from the lentiform nucleus by the anterior limb of the internal capsule

- Forms part of the lateral wall of the third ventricle

- Has the interventricular foramen posterior to it

- Is inferior to the body of the fornix

- Has an upper surface which is partly in the floor of the lateral ventricle

- Forms part of the lateral wall of the third ventricle

- Is inferior to the body of the fornix

- Has an upper surface which is partly in the floor of the lateral ventricle

In connection with thalamus:

(which is true?)

- The anterior group of nuclei is connected to structures of limbic system

- The lateral group of nuclei are responsible for the behavioural actions

- The ventral posterior lateral nucleus receives afferents from spinal cord

- The ventral posterior lateral nucleus sends fibers to spinal cord

- The lateral geniculate body is connected to the visual system

- The anterior group of nuclei is connected to structures of limbic system

- The ventral posterior lateral nucleus receives afferents from spinal cord

- The lateral geniculate body is connected to the visual system

The subthalamus:

(which is true?)

- Is located between the midbrain tegmentum and diencephalon

- The subthalamic nucleus belongs to the pyramid system

- The subthalamic nucleus has biconvex shape

- Abuts the external capsule laterally

- Is concerned with motor control

- Is located between the midbrain tegmentum and diencephalon

- The subthalamic nucleus has biconvex shape

- Is concerned with motor control

The hypothalamus:

(which is true?)

- Controls the body homeostasis

- Forms the wall of the third ventricle

- Is seen on the ventral surface of the brain

- Receives direct impulses from the retina

- Is concerned with motor control

- Controls the body homeostasis

- Forms the wall of the third ventricle

- Is seen on the ventral surface of the brain

- Receives direct impulses from the retina

The hypothalamus:

(which is true?)

- Is subdivided into three nuclear groups

- Is anatomically associated with chiasma opticum

- Is bounded laterally by tractus opticus

- Secretes hormones

- Is the control center for many autonomic functions

- Is anatomically associated with chiasma opticum

- Is bounded laterally by tractus opticus

- Secretes hormones

- Is the control center for many autonomic functions

The hypothalamus:

(which is true?)

- Is connected with the endocrine and nervous system

- Controls circadian rhythms

- Forms the ventral part of diencephalon

- Governs emotional behaviour

- Has projections to the spinal cord

- Is connected with the endocrine and nervous system

- Controls circadian rhythms

- Forms the ventral part of diencephalon

- Governs emotional behaviour

- Has projections to the spinal cord

Metathalamus:

(which is true?)

- Is a visual and auditory relay station

- Is connected with the colliculi of the midbrain tectum

- Is closely related to the thalamus

- Controls somatomotor activity

- Is concerned with emotional behaviour

- Is a visual and auditory relay station

- Is connected with the colliculi of the midbrain tectum

- Is closely related to the thalamus

The nuclei of the hypothalamus connected to the neurohypophysis are:

- nucleus supraopticus

- nucleus paraventricularis

The metathalamus is presented by:

- corpus geniculatum laterale

- corpus geniculatum mediale

The nuclei of the middle (tuberal) part of the hypothalamus are:

- nucleus arcuatus

- nucleus ventromedialis

- nucleus dorsomedialis

Neurosecretory nuclei in the anterior part of the medial hypothalamus are:

- nucleus supraopticus

- nucleus paraventricularis

The somatosensory relay nuclei of the thalamus are

- nucleus ventroposterolateralis

- nucleus ventroposteromedialis

The epithalamus is located on the ....... aspect of the diencephalon.

dorsal

Thalamic nuclei concerned with somatomotor control are:

- nucleus ventralis lateralis

- nucleus ventralis anterior

Thalamic nucleus integrated into the limbic system is:

nucleus anterior thalami

The hypothalamic nucleus associated with the circadian rhythm control is:

nucleus suprachiasmatis

The hormones produced by the pineal gland are ........... and ............

- melatonin

- serotonin

Match each pathway with the appropriate nucleus to which it gives input:

A) anterior nucleus

B) ventral lateral nucleus

C) medial geniculate (nucleus) body

D) ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus

E) ventral posteroinferior (VPI) nucleus

------

1) brachium of the inferior colliculus

2) thalamic fasciculus (H1)

3) mamillothalamic tract

4) dentathalamic tract

5) Gustatory (taste) pathway

- anterior nucleus: mammillothalamic tract

- ventral lateral nucleus: thalamic fasciculus (H1), dentatothalamic tract

- medial geniculate (nucleus) body: brachium of the inferior colliculus

- ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus: gustatory pathway

- ventral posteroinferior (VPI) nucleus: -

Match each of the following descriptions with the appropriate thalamic nucleus:

A) anterior nucleus

B) centromedian nucleus

C) lateral geniculate nucleus

D) medial dorsal nucleus

E) pulvinar

F) ventral anterior nucleus

G) ventral lateral nucleus

H) ventral posterolateral (VPL) nucleus

I) ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus

--------

1) receives input from the ipsilateral central tegmental tract

2) has reciprocal connections with the inferior parietal lobule

3) receives input from the contralateral lateral spinothalamic tract

4) projects to the putamen

5) receives the dentatothalamic tract

6) . plays a role in the expression of affect, emotion, and behavior D (limbic function)+

- anterior nucleus:

- centromedian nucleus: projects to the putamen

- lateral geniculate nucleus:

- medial dorsal nucleus: plays a role in the expression of affect, emotion and behaviour (limbic function)

- pulvinar: has reciprocal connections with the inferior parietal lobule

- ventral anterior nucleus:

- ventral lateral nucleus: receives the dentatothalamic tract

- ventral posterolateral (VPL) nucleus: receives input from the contralateral lateral spinothalamic tract

- ventral posteromedial (VPM) nucleus: receives input from the ipsilateral central tegmental tract

Match each hormone/pathway with the appropriate nucleus:

A) nucleus paraventricularis

B) corpus geniculatum laterale

C) epithalamus

D) corpus geniculatum mediale

E) nucleus supraopticus

-----

1) radiatio acustica

2) vasopresin

3) oxitocin

4) corpus pineale

5) radiatio optica

- Nucleus paraventricularis: oxytocin

- Corpus geniculatum laterale: radiatio optica

- Epithalamus: corpus pineale

- Corpus geniculatum mediale: radiatio acustica

- Nucleus supraopticus: vasopressin

Match each of the structures from the two columns:

A) lamina affixa

B) corpus geniculatum mediale

C) stria terminalis thalami

D) corpus mamillare

E) nuclei habenulares

-----

1) vena thalamostriata

2) limbic system

3) metathalamus

4) tenia thalami

5) fasciculus retroflexus

- Lamina affixa: tenia thalami

- Corpus geniculatum mediale: metathalamus

- Stria terminalis thalami: vena thalamostriata

- Corpus mammillare: limbic system

- Nuclei habenulares: fasciculus retroflexus