Introduction to Biology I Lecture

These flashcards cover key concepts and important definitions from the Introduction to Biology I lecture, focusing on principles of biology, scientific methodology, and the characteristics of living organisms.

What are the key characteristics of all living organisms?

1. Cellular organization 2. Ordered complexity 3. Sensitivity to environment 4. Growth, development, and reproduction 5. Energy utilization 6. Homeostasis 7. Evolutionary adaptation

What is the definition of a hypothesis in scientific research?

A possible explanation for an observation that must be testable and falsifiable.

What does the scientific method involve?

It involves using a systematic approach to understand the natural world through observation, hypothesis formulation, experimentation, and reasoning.

What are the two types of experimentation mentioned?

1. Test experiment 2. Control experiment

What is reductionism in scientific approaches?

It is the practice of breaking down complex processes into their simpler parts.

How does systems biology differ from reductionism?

Systems biology focuses on emergent properties that cannot be understood by looking solely at simpler parts.

What is the role of predictions in hypothesis testing?

Predictions provide a way to test the validity of hypotheses; if the results are inconsistent, the hypothesis must be rejected.

What is the significance of cellular structure in understanding function?

Studying the structure of cells can give insights into their function, and similar structures may indicate similar functions across different organisms.

How do living systems transform energy and matter?

Living systems constantly require energy, transforming solar energy into chemical energy (photosynthesis) and further transforming that energy into other forms.

What role does DNA play in living organisms?

DNA contains sequences of nucleotides that encode the information necessary for cell function and the continuity of life through genetic inheritance.