P2.3.2 Convection

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In what states does convection happen?

  • Liquids and gases as it requires the movement of particles to transfer energy

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Describe convection in liquids and gases

  • When a fluid is heated, particles gain kinetic energy causing them to move faster and further apart

  • This makes the fluid expand and rise upwards to become more buoyant

  • This heated fluid is less dense than unheated fluid, so it rises to the top

  • The fluid loses its heat eventually, making it become more dense and sink back to the bottom

  • This process is called a convection current, and it is how thermal energy is transferred in liquids and gases

<ul><li><p>When a fluid is heated, particles gain kinetic energy causing them to move faster and further apart </p></li><li><p>This makes the fluid expand and rise upwards to become more buoyant</p></li><li><p>This heated fluid is less dense than unheated fluid, so it rises to the top</p></li><li><p>The fluid loses its heat eventually, making it become more dense and sink back to the bottom</p></li><li><p>This process is called a convection current, and it is how thermal energy is transferred in liquids and gases</p></li></ul><p></p>
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